1. *Care of The AP Vertical Teams Guide for English
Rhetorical Theory
*Care of The AP Vertical Teams Guide for English

2. “All types of writing—fiction, nonfiction, drama, and poetry—seek to persuade…” (123).
Rhetoric is the art of using words to persuade in writing or speaking.
It’s about the argument, people!

3. “Argument is used to designate the entire persuasive essay” (123).
Step 1: Address a topic with a specific purpose
Step 2: targets a specific audience
Step 3: It requires a very specific type of reasoning and if you make an error in that reasoning, you’re committing what’s known as a logical fallacy (more on that Wednesday)

4. Effective Arguments
“Effective arguments involve key issues, anticipated objections, gathered support, and logical reasoning to sway the thinking of an audience” (123).
Know your audience: Who exactly is your audience? What do they know? What do they believe? What do they expect? How will they disagree with me? What will they want me to address?

5. The Three Types of Reasoning
Logos: appealing to people’s ability to reason
Pathos: appealing to people’s emotions
Ethos: appealing to people’s morality and establishing yourself as a reliable, knowledgeable writer or speaking