1. Neurons, Synapsis, and Neurotransmitters
By: Christian Harnden,
Colin Field, and
Zach wells

2. Neuron Structure Neurons vary in size
They have in common the following:
A cell body
The tubular
Cytoplasm-filled dendrites
And axon

3. Neuron Structure The Neuron cell body consists of granular cytoplasm
Neurofibrils= a network of fine threads which extend into the axons
Chromatophilic substance= membranous sacs scattered throughout the cytoplasm

4. Neuron Structure Neurilemma= surrounds the myelin sheath
Nodes of Ranvier= narrow gaps between schwann cells
Dendrites= short, highly branched processes
Schwann cells= neurological cells that form a myelin sheath around axons

5. Neuron Diagram

6. Classification of neurons
Multipolar Neurons= have many processes protruding from their cell body. Most of these neurons lie within the brain or spinal chord.
Bipolar neurons= 2 processes one from each end of the cell. One is axon, one is dendrite. In eyes, nose, ears.

7. Classification of neurons
Unipolar neurons= single process extending off cell body Enters brain or spinal cord.

8. Functional differences
Sensory neurons= carry nerve impulses from peripheral body parts into the brain or spinal cord.
Interneurons= transmit impulses from one part of the brain or spinal cord to another.
Motor neurons= stimulate muscles to contract and glands to release secretions.

9. (you may or may not need to know)
Vocabulary
(you may or may not need to know)
Trigger zone= sensitive region of the axon
Ganglia= specialized mass of nervous tissue which are located outside the brain and spinal cord
Nuclei= cell bodies of some interneurons aggregate in specialized masses of nervous tissue

10. The Synapse
Synapse= the junction between any two communicating neurons
Synaptic transmission is a one-way process carried out by biochemicals called neurotransmitters

12. Neurotransmitters 50 types identified in the nervous system
Some neurons release one type
Others, two or three kinds