1. IDEOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS
I. Autocracies
A. Origins
B. Characteristics
II. Reaction to Autocracies
A. Protestant Reformation
B. English “reforms”
Magna Carta – 1215
English Civil War – 1640’s

2. “Glorious Revolution” 1689
“English Bill of Rights” 1689
C. The Enlightenment
17th & 18th Centuries
Basic Concepts
reason
natural law
progress

3. John Locke
natural rights
social contract
Baron de Montesquieu
“freedom = within the law”
“liberty is rooted in property”
(structure)
BOTH
rule by aristocracy
feared mass democracy

4. III. U.S. Constitution
A. Post Revolution Era
frontier experience
political chaos
B. Federalists
national orientation
structure
“loose interpretation”

5. C. Anti-Federalists
libertarian
states rights
“strict interpretation”

6. D Constitution
Which philosopher is responsible for the following items?
- federalism
- separation of powers
- checks and balances
- written by aristocrats
- suffrage
- senators

7. - presidential nominations
- electoral college
- Bill of Rights