1. Geopolitics
As a Realist, Conservative and Determinist Theory of International Relations

2. Origins, Late 19th, Early 20th Century
20th Century’s history started in Bosnia, ended in Bosnia
Ca. 1904: Antant formed, international alliance system
Ca. 1904: Mackinder’s speech on sea and land powers and mobility
The colonial system completed in the World
Nation states created in Europe

3. Origins II.
Global economy and trade as a worldwide network (first steps of globalisation?)
Mass production and innovations
Global infrastructure (ports, telegraph, urbanisation, railway)
Mass production and innovations in weapons

4. Origins III. World system Two groups of European States
By the status of competition for space

5. Other Sciences Biology, Evolution: Evolutionism, Charles Darwin
Social Evolutionists, like Herbert Spencer
Biology, Level of Observation:
Moritz Wagner
Super Organism

6. Rudolf Kjellén Swedish professor of political sciences
1899 created the word: Geopolitics (also National Socialism)
The first book in 1916 in Swedish, in 1917 in German:
The State as a Living Form
Competition and age of states,
changing balance between states
Changing borders between states

7. Summary Geopolitics is Realist because:
Accepts the wars as interaction between states
Chaos in the International Relations
Relation between states (and border situation) depend on the power of states
International organisations have importance only if they are military organisations

8. Homework for All
Written definiton of Geopolitics and Key Geopoliticians 1 page
Differences between Geopolitics and Geopolitik A few sentences