1. CHEM 121 Chapter 8
Fall 2014
(Scott’s class)

2. Concentration Weight Percent = Volume Percent =
Weight/Volume Percent =

3. 3-minute Practice
The amount of alcohol in a bottle of wine is labeled 13.5% (v/v). How much alcohol is in the entire 750. mL bottle?

4. ppm and ppb
Parts per million = =

5. Molarity Molarity (M) =
What is the molarity of the solution created when you dissolve 2.5 g of NaOH in 100. mL of solution?

6. 3-minute Practice
How many grams of NaOH would you have to dissolve in water to make 100. mL of a 1.0 M solution?

7. Dilution Add more water: Volume? Concentration? Amount of solute?
Number of moles of solute?

8. 3-minute Practice
Suppose you have a 1.0 M NaOH solution, but you want a 200. mL of a 0.25 M NaOH solution. How would you make this solution?

9. Aqueous Reactants You have 250 mL of 1.0 M NaOH. How many moles NaOH?
How much 0.2 M H2SO4 solution would you need to completely react the NaOH?

10. 5-minute Practice
You have: 200. mL of 2.0 M H2SO4 and 500. mL of 1.5 M NaOH
How much water (g) can you make?
Hints:
Go to moles of each
Determine which is limiting!

11. Electrolytes
Electrolyte:
Strong electrolyte:

12. Weak Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes

13. Colligative Properties
Properties that change based on dissolved concentration
Boiling point elevation:
Freezing point depression:
Osmotic pressure:

14. 5-minute practice
You fill a pot with 320. g of NaCl and enough water to total 1.50 L of solution. What is the boiling point of this solution?

15. Membranes
Semipermeable:

16. Osmosis
Osmosis:

17. Osmotic Pressure
pressure needed to prevent net flow of solvent through a semipermeable membrane
constant

18. Dialysis: