1. Casting
Converting types

2. Type Conversion
Implicit type coercion: when value of one type is automatically changed to another type
Your code: double y = 3.0 * 5;
Computer does: double y = 3.0 * 5.0;

3. Cast Cast : explicit type conversion "Turn this type into that type"
Use static_cast operator:
static_cast<dataTypeName>(expression)
dataTypeName : what you want to end up with
expression : value you want to change

4. Cast C++ static_cast examples:
Used to force int  double double y = static_cast<double>(4)
Used to force double  int int x = static_cast<int>(4.9)
x = 4
No warning

5. Order of Ops static_cast comes:
After ( )
Before *, /, %
Examples: static_cast<double>(2) / 3  / 3  … static_cast<double >(2 / 3)  static_cast<double >(0)  0

6. Cast & Assignment
Casting does not modify a variable: int x = 2; static_cast<double>(x); //Does nothing!
Use or store value
int x = 2; double xDub = static_cast<double>(x); or
double z = 5.6;
int zWhole = static_cast<int>(z);

7. Reasons for cast
Have two integer values want decimal answer int x = 2, y = 3; double z = static_cast<double>(x) / y;
Have decimal value, want an integer value
Does not round up! Truncates!
double avgStudents = 23.8;
int classSize = static_cast<int>(avgStudents);

8. C style static_cast is C++ only
C has two versions of casting: double x = 5.2; int wholeX = (int)x; OR int wholeX = int(x); //real old school
Why C++ version
Type checking
Easier to spot