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How are chemical reactions classified?
Type of Reactions How are chemical reactions classified? How do we identify each type of reaction?
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BALANCING REACTIONS
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Types of Reactions Synthesis Decomposition Single Replacement
Double Replacement
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Decomposition GENERAL FORMULA AX è A + X 2H2O è 2H2 + O2
An input of energy causes one substance to break up (decompose) into smaller pieces GENERAL FORMULA Compound è two or more substance AX è A + X example 2H2O è 2H O2 example
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Decomposition C6H12O6(s) C(s) + H2O (g) 2 2 6 6
H2O2 (aq) H2O (g) + O2(g) C6H12O6(s) C(s) + H2O (g) 2 2 6 6
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DECOMPOSTION
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Synthesis GENERAL FORMULA A + X è AX 2H2 + O2 è 2H2O
Reaction in which two substances combine to form one substance GENERAL FORMULA two or more substance è Compound A + X è AX example 2H2 + O2 è 2H2O example
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Synthesis or Combination
Fe(s) + O2(g) FeO(s) 2Na(s) + Cl2(g) 2NaCl(s) SO3(g) + H2O(l) H2SO4(aq) 2 2
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SYNTHESIS
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Single Replacement GENERAL FORMULA A + BX è AX + B (cation)
Reaction in which one element takes the place of another in a compound GENERAL FORMULA Element + Compound è Compound + Element A + BX è AX + B (cation) Y + CZ è CY + Z (anion) example Zn + 2HCl è ZnCl2 + H2 example
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Single Replacement CuO(s) + H2(g) H2O (l) + Cu (s)
Al(s) CuCl2(aq) AlCl3(aq) + Cu(s) silver Blue clear copper 2 3 2 3
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SINGLE REPLACEMENT
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Double Replacement AY + BX è AX + BY
The anion and cations of two compounds are interchanged GENERAL FORMULA Compound + Compound è Compound + Compound AY + BX è AX + BY example Cu3(PO4)2 + Na2S èNa3PO4 + CuS
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Double-Replacement CuNO3(aq) + KI(aq) CuI(s) + KNO3(aq)
3Na(OH)(aq) + PbCl2 (aq) 2NaCl(aq) + Pb(OH)2(s)
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DOUBLE REPLACLEMENT
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Combustion reaction 2CH4 + 4O2 2CO2 + 4H2O
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Combustion reaction Reaction in which an organic compound and oxygen burn. Oxygen always is a reactant CO2 and H2O will always be a product
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Summary of Reaction Types
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IDENTIFY the TYPE
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Na3(PO4) + CaCl2 = Ca3(PO4)2 + NaCl
Zn + Pb(NO3)2 = Zn(NO3)2 + Pb AlBr3 + Cl2 = AlCl3 + Br Na3(PO4) + CaCl2 = Ca3(PO4)2 + NaCl K (ClO3) = KCl + O2 Al + HCl = AlCl3 + H2 Ca (OH)2 + H3(PO4) = Ca3(PO4)2 + H2O Cu + H2(SO4) = Cu (SO4) + H2O + SO2 H2 + NO = H2O + N2
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