1. Warm Up
By 1834, Texas was divided into the departments of Bexar, Brazos, and Nacagdoches. As part of Santa Anna’s reforms of 1834, a representative from each department of Texas would sit in the state legislature.
Which department had the most territory?
Which Texas department has the longest coastline?

2. Warm Up
The Texas Revolution began with the Battle of Gonzales on October 2, It was followed by two Texan victories.
Where did the Texan troops go after the Battle of Gonzales?
Based on the troop movements around San Antonio de Bexar, which side won the fight there? Why do you think so?

3. Texas Revolution

4. The Battle of Gonzales
General Cos goes to Texas with more Mexican troops, planning to arrest disloyal Texans
First Battle of the Texas Revolution
People of Gonzales had a small brass cannon that was a gift from Spain
In September 1835, Colonel Domingo de Ugartechea (Mexican commander) went to retrieve the cannon
Texans heard the Mexicans wanted the cannon so they buried it- Mexicans left without the cannon

5. The men at Gonzales gathered 160 troops
On September 29, 1835, Mexican Lieutenant Francisco de Castaneda returned to Gonzales with 100 soldiers to retrieve the cannon
The men at Gonzales gathered 160 troops
The men dug up the cannon and mounted it onto a wagon
The Texans decorated the front of the wagon with a white flag that said “come and take it”
October 2, Texans attack the Mexican troops in Gonzales
Mexican troops withdraw to San Antonio
The revolution officially begins

7. The Battle at Goliad October 9, 1835
A force of about 120 Texans attack the Mexican garrison at Goliad
Mexican troops at Goliad surrender within 30 minutes
Goliad was a strategic location between the Gulf of Mexico and San Antonio
The Texans also captured a large amount of weapons and ammunition at Goliad

8. Stephen F. Austin took command of the 300 troops gathered in Gonzales
The only large Mexican force remaining was at San Antonio de Bexar (military base)
Stephen F. Austin took command of the 300 troops gathered in Gonzales
Austin had no military training but people trusted him
Troops known as the army of the people
Marched to San Antonio, had 400 troops by the time they reached San Antonio
General Cos (Mexican general) had about 650 soldiers
Texans decided San Antonio would be a difficult battle and instead held a siege
Siege- military blockade of a city or fort

9. Consultation of 1835 November 3, 1835
Big question Texans had to decide: Work with Mexico to bring down Santa Anna, or fight for independence from Mexico?
War Party- wanted independence from Mexico; led by William Harris Wharton and Henry Smith
Peace Party- Wanted to join Mexico in the fight against Santa Anna (not for independence)
November 6, Members at the consultation voted for war or peace- 14 voted for independence, 33 voted against independence

10. Declaration of the People of Texas in General Convention Assembled
Texans loyal to Mexico
Urged other Mexicans to fight against Santa Anna
Texas no longer bound to Mexico
Offered land to anyone who fought alongside the Texans
Provisional Government Formed
Texans no longer felt part of Mexico, so created a temporary government
Henry Smith was governor (part of War party)
War
Texas created an army and named Sam Houston as commander (did not include Stephen F. Austin’s army)

11. The Grass Fight
Texans were still laying siege at San Antonio de Bexar with Stephen F. Austin as commander
James Bowie and Juan Seguin joined the army
Volunteer army numbered 600 by November
Mexicans number 750
Throughout the fall of 1835, Mexicans and Texans had many skirmishes near the fort
William Barret Travis captued 300 mules and horses from the Mexican army

12. November 25, 1835- Stephen F. Austin went to U. S
November 25, Stephen F. Austin went to U.S. to gather money and supplies
November 26, a scout named Erastus “Deaf” Smith saw the Mexican cavalry heading to San Antonio
Texans thought the cavalry was holding bags of silver to pay the men in San Antonio
Texans decided to attack the cavalry to try to get that silver
The Texans forced the Mexicans to flee from the fort (San Antonio de Bexar)
Texans captured more than 3 dozen mules
Texans found that the mules were not carrying silver; they were carrying grass to feed the animals

13. The Battle of San Antonio de Bexar
December 1835
Texan leaders argued aver whether or not to attack San Antonio
Burleson thought about ending the siege
A Mexican officer surrendered
Texans thought the Mexicans would now be easy to defeat because they had low morale and limited supplies
Texans ultimately decided not to attack, but not all Texans agreed

14. Benjamin Milam wanted to fight in San Antonio anyway
About 300 men decided to go with him, including Frank
The Battle: December 5, 1835
Mexican forces driven toward the center of town
Mexicans took refuge in an abandoned mission, The Alamo
Mexican troops surrendered on December 9, 1835
General Cos agreed to move Mexican soldiers south of the Rio Grande
Cos agreed he would not fight against the Texans again
Texans officially captured San Antonio
Because Mexican troops moved south of the Rio Grande, Texans thought the war was over and returned home

15. The Matamoros Expedition
The port of Matamoros (mouth of the Rio Grande) was a great source of income
Philip Dimmitt wanted to take Matamoros from Mexico
Dimmitt worked with Sam Houston and Governor Smith to plan an attack at Matamoros
Francis W. Johnson- leader of the army in San Antonio
Prepared a plan of his own to take Matamoros

16. January 14, 1836- Johnson took command of the expedition
The expedition never happened- Santa Anna was moving north to Texas with a large army
Disagreement in the government led to the expedition being canceled
Texans no longer liked Henry Smith as governor
Texans declared Lieutenant Governor James Robinson as head of state
Smith refused to leave office
During the month of February 1836, Texas had no government

17. Convention of 1836 March 1, 1836- Texans hold a convention
Texans were determined to split from Mexico
Richard Ellis was chosen as chairman of the convention- ran each session
H.S. Kimble was chosen as secretary- recorded debates and decisions
George Childress- in charge of writing a Declaration of Independence

18. March 2, 1836- Texans approved the Texas Declaration of Independence
March 16, Constitution was approved for the Republic of Texas
Other decisions made by the convention
Required all males between ages of 17 and 50 to serve in the Texas Army
Offered land grants of 1,280 acres to people that joined the army and continued until the war ended
The war was not over… During the convention, the Battle of the Alamo was being fought in San Antonio

19. Continuing the War Santa Anna invaded Texas
During the Convention of 1836, Texans knew they had no time to hold elections for the government
David G. Burnet- first president of Texas
Sam Houston- Commander in Chief of the army

20. President Burnet went to a town called Harrisburg
Many delegates of the Convention of 1836 wanted to leave the convention to help in the Battle of the Alamo- Houston convinced them to stay
Houston left the convention on March 6 to take command of the army at Gonzales
The convention heard reports that the Alamo had fallen, and Santa Anna was on his way toward the convention
With this news, the convention ended
President Burnet went to a town called Harrisburg