1. First Amendment Freedoms
Freedom of religion
First Amendment Freedoms

3. Freedom of Religion
Establishment
Clause
Free exercise
Clause

4. Establishment Clause States gov’t MAY NOT… Endorse any church
Pass any laws that aid any religion
Favor one religion over another
Force citizens to attend church

5. Endorsement test
One of the tests used by SCOTUS to determine whether challenged law or gov’t action is unconstitutional:
Does challenged law or gov’t action have either the purpose or effect of endorsing religion in eyes of community members?
Has gov’t sent message to nonbelievers that they are outsiders and not full members of society?

6. Lemon v. Kurtzman (1971)
SCOTUS also uses Lemon Test to determine whether a gov’t law or action meets requirements of establishment clause:
Does challenged law or gov’t action have a secular, or nonreligious, purpose?
Does law or action advance or inhibit religion?
Does law or action foster excessive entanglement of gov’t & religion?

7. Free Exercise Clause
Protects individual’s right to worship as they choose Gov’t may not prohibit or interfere w/ religious practice without good reason

8. Free Exercise Clause

9. Free Exercise Clause