1. The Distribution of Worlds Biomes: Ch. 6
Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
The Distribution of Worlds Biomes: Ch. 6
Figure: 41.7
Title:
The distribution of biomes
Caption:
Although mountain ranges and the sheer size of the continents complicate the pattern of biomes, note the overall consistencies. Tundras and coniferous forests are in the northernmost parts of the Northern Hemisphere, whereas the deserts of Mexico, the Sahara, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, and Australia are located about 20° to 30° N and S.
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2. Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
Tropical Rain Forest
Figure: 41.UN08
Title:
Tropical rain forest
Caption:
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3. Tropical Rain Forest Biome
Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
Tropical Rain Forest Biome
Hot & wet, warm all yr. Round
Climbing plants, vines, large woody vines, tall trees, ferns, orchids, jungle
Colorful insects, sloths, parrots, toucans, lots of biodiversity
Highest Biodiversity
Figure: 41.9
Title:
The tropical rain forest biome
Caption:
(a) Towering trees draped with vines reach for the light in the dense tropical rain forest. Because food and light energy are found high in trees, amid their branches dwells the most diverse assortment of animals on Earth.
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4. Tropical Dry (Deciduous Forest)
Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
Tropical Dry (Deciduous Forest)
Further from equator, moderate precipitation,
Pronounced wet & dry seasons; deciduous trees
Figure: 41.UN10a
Title:
Tropical deciduous forest
Caption:
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5. Tropical Dry (Deciduous Forest)
Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
Tropical Dry (Deciduous Forest)
Warm yr. Round, alternating wet and dry seasons
Tall deciduous trees, dense canopy during wet, aloes and succulents
Large animals, carnivores such as tigers, many of insects, migratory species, elephants, monkeys, snakes, and termites
Figure: 41.9
Title:
The tropical rain forest biome
Caption:
(a) Towering trees draped with vines reach for the light in the dense tropical rain forest. Because food and light energy are found high in trees, amid their branches dwells the most diverse assortment of animals on Earth.
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6. Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
Savanna
Figure: 41.UN10b
Title:
Savanna
Caption:
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7. Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
Savanna
Warm temps, seasonal rain, frequent fires
Tall perennial grasses, drought tolerant species, fire resistant trees and shrubs
Large predators, lions leopards, cheetahs, hyena’s, large herbivores, elephants, giraffes, and zebra
Figure: 41.11a
Title:
The African savanna
Caption:
Elephants
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8. Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
Deserts
Figure: 41.UN12
Title:
Deserts
Caption:
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9. Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
The Desert Biome
Low precipitation, variation in temperature
Cacti, succulents, short growth cycles
Mountain lion, gray fox, bobcat, mule deer, owls, hawks and rattle snakes
Figure: 41.13a
Title:
The desert biome
Caption:
(a) Under the most extreme conditions of heat and drought, deserts can be almost devoid of life, such as these sand dunes of the Sahara Desert in Africa.
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10. Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
The Sonoran Desert
Arizona
Flowers indicate recent rain
Saguaro cactus unique to this desert
Figure: 41.14
Title:
The Sonoran Desert
Caption:
In spring this Arizona desert is carpeted with wildflowers. Through much of the year, annual wildflower seeds lie dormant, waiting for the spring rains to fall.
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11. Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
Temperate Grasslands
Figure: 41.UN15
Title:
Grasslands
Caption:
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12. Temperate Grasslands (Midwest USA)
Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
Temperate Grasslands (Midwest USA)
Shortgrass Prairie
Temperature extremes, warm to hot summers, cold winters, seasonal precipitation
Lush grasses, drought, fire, and cold resistant, species
Coyotes, badgers, mule deer, rabbits, prairie dogs, hawks
Largest biome in United States
Example: Nebraska
Figure: 41.17a
Title:
Shortgrass prairie
Caption:
The lands east of the Rocky Mountains receive relatively little rainfall.
Sagebrush Desert or Shortgrass Prairie
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13. Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
Chaparral
Figure: 41.UN14
Title:
Chaparral
Caption:
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14. Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
Chaparral
Warm dry summers, cool wet winters
Woody evergreens, fragrant oily plants
Coyotes, foxes bobcats, blacktail deer, rabbit and hawks
Example: California & Mediterranean
Figure: 41.15
Title:
The chaparral biome
Caption:
This biome is limited primarily to coastal mountains in dry regions, such as the San Gabriel Mountains in southern California. Chaparral is maintained by frequent fires set by summer lightning. Although the tops of the plants may be burned off, the roots send up new sprouts the following spring.
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15. Temperate Deciduous Forests
Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
Temperate Deciduous Forests
Figure: 41.UN16
Title:
Temperate deciduous forests
Caption:
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16. The Temperate Deciduous Forest
Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
The Temperate Deciduous Forest
Cold to moderate winters, warm summers, year round precipitation
Broad leaf deciduous some conifers, flowering shrubs
Whitetail deer, black bear, bobcat, squirrel, song birds and skunk
Example: Pennsylvania, larges biome in the Eastern United States
Figure: 41.19a
Title:
The temperate deciduous forest biome
Caption:
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17. Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
Temperate Rain Forest
Figure: 41.UN19
Title:
Temperate rain forest
Caption:
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18. Temperate Rain Forest (Pacific Northwest)
Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
Temperate Rain Forest (Pacific Northwest)
Chapter 40
Mild temperatures, heavy rainfall during fall and winter, Cool dry summers
Douglas firs, sitka spruce, Western hemlock, western red cedar and redwoods
Bear, elk, deer, beaver, owls bobcats, and eagles
Example: Western Washington State, coastal
Figure: 41.20a
Title:
The temperate rain forest biome
Caption:
(a) The Hoh River temperate rain forest in Olympic National Park. The coniferous trees do not block the light as effectively as do broadleaf trees, so ferns, mosses, and wildflowers grow in the pale green light of the forest floor.
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19. Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
Boreal Forest (Taiga)
Figure: 41.UN20
Title:
Taiga
Caption:
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20. Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
Boreal Forest (Taiga)
Long winters, mild summers
Needle leaf conifers, spruce, fir, berry shrubs
Lynx, timber wolves, moose, beaver, weasel family, and eagles
Example: Parts of Alaska, Canada and Maine
Figure: 41.21a
Title:
The taiga (or northern coniferous forest) biome
Caption:
(a) The small needles and pyramidal shape of conifers allow them to shed heavy snows.
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21. Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
Tundra
Figure: 41.UN22
Title:
Tundra
Caption:
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22. Biology: Life on Earth (Audesirk)
The Tundra Biome
Permafrost, string winds, low precipitation, short soggy summers and long dark winters
Ground cover plants, mosses, lichens, sedges and short grasses
Birds and mammals that tolerate harsh conditions
Artic fox, caribou, small rodents (lemmings)
Figure: 41.23a
Title:
The tundra biome
Caption:
(a) Life on the tundra is adapted to cold.
Example: Much of Alaska, Canada and the artic
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