1. Lesson 7.4: The Legacy of the War and Issues After the War

2. Essential Question
What lessons were learned from the war and what challenges lie ahead for the new nation?

3. VOCABULARY legacy: anything that is passed down from ancestors
motivation:
the reason for someone to act 
interior:
the part of a country that is away from the coast
foreign aid:
help provided by another country

4. VOCABULARY II just: fair and honest consent:
to give permission or approval
republicanism:
belief that government should be based on the consent of the people, who exercise their power by voting for political representatives
abolish:
to get rid of

5. What We Know
Going into the Revolutionary War, the British had the best military in the world.
The British had the largest and best navy in the world.
The Americans lacked training, supplies, money and weapons.

6. How the Americans Won Four advantages the Americans had…
Better leadership.
Foreign aid.
Knowledge of the land.
Better motivation.

7. How the Americans Won Better leadership:
After early defeats, Washington developed the strategy of dragging out the war to wear down the British and avoiding crushing defeats.

8. How the Americans Won Foreign Aid:
America received loans and military aid primarily from Britain’s two biggest enemies, France and Spain. This aid was
essential in
America’s ability
to defeat the
British.

9. How the Americans Won Knowledge of the land:
The Americans knew the their surroundings where the fighting took place and used that knowledge to their
advantage. The British could control
the coastal cities but could not extend their control to the interior.

10. How the Americans Won Better motivation:
The American had more reasons to fight. Not only were they fighting to protect their lives and their property, they were fighting for their freedom and liberty.

11. The End of the War
On October 19, 1781, Lord Cornwallis surrendered to Washington at Yorktown, effectively ending the Revolutionary War.

12. The End of the War
In November 1783, the last British ships and troops left New York City, and American troops marched in.

13. The End of the War
Weeping, Washington said good-bye to his officers at Fraunces Tavern in New Your City.

14. Did you know?
Fraunces Tavern, still stands in NYC and is still doing business.
One of the first reviews for Fraunces:
“The most splendid dinner I ever saw, a profusion of rich dishes.”
- John Adams at Fraunces Tavern, 1774

15. Get your sticks ready.

16. What advantages enabled the Americans to win the Revolutionary War ?
A. Better leadership, better navy, larger army, knowledge of the land.
B. Better leadership, foreign aid, knowledge of the land, better motivation.
C. Better leadership, Indian allies, knowledge of the land, better motivation.
D. Better leadership, larger army, knowledge of the land, better motivation.

17. What advantages did the British have entering the war against the American colonies?
A. world’s best army, world’s best navy, better trained, better supplied.
B. world’s best army, world’s best navy, better chocolate, better supplied.
C. world’s best army, world’s best navy, better financed, better leadership.
D. world’s best army, world’s best navy, better leadership, better maps.

18. The Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris was the official document drawn up between the American colonies and Great Britain ending the Revolutionary War. It consisted of six main conditions.

19. The Treaty of Paris
Britain would recognize the United States as a free and independent nation.
The boundaries were to be the Mississippi River to the west, Canada to the north, and Spanish Florida to the south.

20. The Treaty of Paris
2. Britain would have to surrender its forts between the Ohio River and the Great Lakes.

21. The Treaty of Paris
3. The United States would receive the right to fish in the Atlantic Ocean off Canada’s coast.

22. The Treaty of Paris
4. Each side would repay its debt to the other.

23. The Treaty of Paris
5. The British would return any slaves they had captured.

24. The Treaty of Paris
6. Congress would tell the states to return property they had seized from Loyalists.

25. The Treaty of Paris Neither side lived up to the treaty.
Americans did not repay prewar debts to British merchants or return Loyalist property.
The British did not return slaves, and did not give up forts in the Great Lakes area

26. The Cost of the War
No one knows exactly how many lives were lost during the eight year war. The British had an estimated 10,000 deaths. The American
estimates are
25,000 killed.
1400 missing
and 8200
wounded.

27. The Cost of the War
Many soldiers who survived the war left the army with no money.
Most received little or no pay for their service.
Some were given government land grants in the west. Many sold the grants to purchase food and basic necessities.

28. The Cost of the War
Both the Congress and the individual states had borrowed money to finance the conflict.
Some of the money had been borrowed from foreign countries, and the rest from private citizens.
The war left the nation with a debt of about $27 million.

29. The Cost of the War
Thousands of Loyalists lost their land and personal property.
Between 60,000 and 100,000 Loyalists left the United States.

30. The Cost of the War
Most Loyalists went to Canada where they created new towns and new provinces.
They also brought English traditions to areas that had
originally been
settled by
French
colonists.

31. Get your sticks ready.

32. What was not a condition of the Treaty of Paris?
A. The boundaries of the United States would be the Mississippi River, Canada, and Spanish Florida.
B. Each side promised to pay its debts
C. Britain would return runaway slaves to Africa.
D. Congress would recommend that the states return properties to Loyalists.
E. Britain would surrender its forts between the Ohio River and the Great Lakes.

33. Which was not a major economic costs of the war ?
A. Many soldiers returned home without pay and in debt.
B. Congress had a debt of $27 million in war expenses to repay.
C. Money was owed to repay Loyalists for damages to their property.
D. Thousands of Loyalists lost their land and personal property.

34. How did the end of the war affect the Loyalists?
A. Thousands lost land and personal property.
B. Most left North America and settled in England.
C. They were banned from serving in the new United States government.
D. Thousands sold their land to get money for food and other basic needs.

35. Be ready with you replies.
A and B Discuss
Do you think the Treaty of Paris was a good treaty? Do you think all sides were treated fairly? Do you believe that the Americans got what they wanted?
Be ready with you replies.

36. Be ready with you replies.
A and B Discuss
What do you think were some of the issues facing the new country following the Revolutionary War?
Be ready with you replies.

37. What We Already Know
After defeating the mighty British military and negotiating the Treaty of Paris in 1783, American independence became a reality.

38. What We Already Know
The American Revolution was not just a war, but a revolution in ideas about how government should work for the people.

39. What we Already Know
The colonies wanted independence from Britain so they could have a government that was more just.

40. What We Already Know
The self–evident truths and unalienable rights expressed by Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence became the goals of the American Revolution.

41. Republicanism
Before the war, Americans had demanded their rights as English citizens. But after declaring their independence, they replaced that goal with the idea of republicanism.

42. Republicanism
For this system to work, individuals would have to place the good of the country above their own interests.

43. Republicanism
Republicanism is the idea that instead of a king, the people would rule. The
government would receive its authority
from the citizens, who exercise their power by voting for political representatives.

44. Get your sticks ready.

45. How did Americans’ goals for government change after declaring independence?
A. They wanted to set up an effective government with a strong executive branch.
B. They replaced the demand for rights as English citizens with the idea of republicanism.
C. Churches began to receive tax money in some states.
D. Women demanded the right to vote.

46. Which statement best defines republicanism?
A. Individuals should place the good of the country above their own interests.
B. The people should rule, not a king.
C. Only people who have wealth or own property should participate in government.
D. The government's powers should be limited by a written constitution.
E. Citizens exercise their power by voting for political representatives.

47. Religious Freedom
As part of their liberty, Americans called for more religious freedom.
Before the war, some laws discriminated against certain religions.
Some states had not allowed Jews or Catholics to hold public office.

48. Religious Freedom
After the war, states began to abolish laws that would discriminate against certain religions. States also ended the practice of using tax money to support churches.

49. Slavery
Many people began to see a conflict between slavery and the ideal of liberty. The newly formed state of Vermont, which broke
away from New York, abolished slavery outright in its constitution,
on July 8, 1777.

50. Slavery
Individual African Americans also tried to end slavery. Elizabeth Freeman sued for her freedom in a Massachusetts court and won. Her victory in 1781 and other similar cases ended slavery in that state.

51. Slavery
With freedom, African Americans began to form their own institutions. Preacher Richard Allen helped start the Free African Society which encouraged
African Americans to help each other. Allen also founded the African Methodist Episcopal Church, the first African-American church in the United States.

52. World Wide Influence
The American Revolution and our new form of government influenced people around the world.
The Declaration of Independence was widely circulated in France, and helped inspire the French Revolution in 1789.

53. World Wide Influence
Revolutionaries in Latin America began to rise up against colonial powers in the late 1700s and early 1800s.
By 1830, most of the former European colonies in Central and South America had won independence.

54. Get your sticks ready.

55. (Choose all that are correct.)
How did American independence begin to change life for African Americans?
A. Some states voted to end slavery.
B. Blacks were given the right to vote.
C. Churches and other organizations were formed to help African Americans.
D. Most blacks became landowners and small businessmen .
E. Some African Americans were able to win their freedom in the courts.
(Choose all that are correct.)

56. Be ready with you replies.
A and B Discuss
What do think it was about the American Revolution and the Declaration of Independence that influenced people in other countries to fight for their independence?
Be ready with you replies.