1. Toshihiro Ichida Waseda University
Figures for “Cross-Border Mergers and Branding Strategies of the Multinational Firms”
Toshihiro Ichida
Waseda University

2. Fig. 1: Foreclosure or import from N
No merger case a
Size of trade cost t
Foreclosure
Allow import by 0 1
An inverse measure of the degree of product differentiation b

3. Fig. 2: Foreclosure or import from N
One national merger
with Brand Separation a
Size of trade cost t
Foreclosure
Output coordination effect → higher prices
with the same number
of brand lines
Allow import by 0 1
An inverse measure of the degree of product differentiation b

4. Fig. 3: Foreclosure or import from N
One national merger
with Brand Integration a
Size of trade cost t
Foreclosure
Reduction of brand lines
Allow import by 0 1
An inverse measure of the degree of product differentiation b