1. What are you eating?!
Nutrients

2. What is Nutrition?? Nutrition is… Nutrients are…
…the science or study of food and the ways the body uses food.
Nutrients are…
…substances in food that create energy or help form tissues and are necessary for growth and life.

3. The 6 Classes of Nutrients
Carbohydrates
Fats
Proteins
Vitamins
Minerals
Water
These provide ENERGY for the body!!
These are important to your health!!

4. What is a Balanced Diet?
A balanced diet means to be healthy, you need the right amount of food from ALL the 6 classes of nutrient. **You can’t leave out one (YEP! That means you need fat!! Don’t be scared!)**

5. Too Much?! Or Too Little?! What happens if you eat too FEW nutrients?
What happens if you eat too MANY nutrients?
Weight loss
Poor Growth of normal tissues
Death
Weight gain
Excess carbs, fats and proteins are stored in the body as fat
Increased chance of heart disease and high BP
Death

6. Your Body Uses Energy FOOD is the FUEL to your BODY!
Metabolism… …is the sum of the chemical processes that take place in your body to keep you alive and active.
FOOD is the FUEL to your BODY!
Your body requires energy from
Carbs, Fats and Proteins to work.
The energy food is measured in are calories.

7. Energy giving nutrients that include sugars, starches and fiber.
Carbohydrates
Energy giving nutrients that include sugars, starches and fiber.

8. 45-65% Daily Value (DV) 4 cal/g
Carbohydrates
Simple Carbs
Glucose: blood sugar
Fructose: fruit sugar
Lactose: milk sugar
Sucrose: table sugar
Complex Carbs
Starch: broken down into sugars
Ex: Potatoes, beans, grains
Glycogen: body’s stored sugar
Broken down into glucose
Fiber: complex carb that provides little energy
Ex: apples, bananas, wheat bran, corn, skin
45-65% Daily Value (DV) 4 cal/g

9. Fats
Main form of stored energy in the body Adds flavor, aroma and texture to foods 1 fat molecule = a triglyceride
Glycerol
Fatty
acid
Fatty
acid
Fatty
acid
- Large molecules made up of fatty acids and glycerol

10. Unsaturated “Good” Fat
More Fats!
Unsaturated “Good” Fat
room temp
Monounsaturated
Olive oil
Canola oil
Peanut oil
Polyunsaturated
Corn oil
Sunflower oil
soybean
Omega3 – fish/seafood
Saturated “Bad” Fat
room temp
Examples:
meat
butter
ice cream
whole milk
Trans Fat – formed when an oil is turned into a solid (ex: margarine)
25-35% DV ○ 9 cal/g

11. Proteins
Made from amino acids and used for building/repairing muscles, skin, hair and nails and also needed for hormones and antibodies.

12. Proteins
Complete Protein
20 Amino Acids
11 nonessential – your body produces these naturally
9 essential – body cannot produce, must eat them!
Complete protein – a food product that contains all 9 essential AAs
Incomplete protein – does not contain all 9 essential AAs
**Can combine foods together to make one complete protein*
Incomplete Protein
Put 2 incompletes together…
10-35% DV ○ 4 cal/g
Make a complete!

13. *Vitamins*
Carbon-containing nutrients needed in small amounts to maintain health and allow growth.
Fat-soluble: stored in fat tissue, remain in body for long period of time.
A,D,E,K
Water-Soluble:
dissolves in water, does not store
well in body.
B1-B12, Folate, Biotin, C
Helps with body functions
There can be too much of a good thing!!! Too many vitamins can be TOXIC to the body!!

14. Minerals
Chemical elements that are essential in small amounts for good health.
Nutrient Deficiency is the state of not having enough of a nutrient to maintain good health.
Sodium causes high blood pressure, 500-2,400mg/day.
Calcium is found in dairy product, leafy green vegetables and calcium fortified foods (OJ).

15. Water 60% of your body is made of water Early signs of dehydration
You should drink 8 glasses
of water to make up for
loss through:
*sweating
*waste
*breathing
Loss of appetite
Thirst
Headache
Dry Mouth
Fatigue
Dry Eyes
Early signs of dehydration

16. Fiber
Complex carb that provides little energy, comes from fruits/veggies
Cannot be digested by humans
Removes bad cholesterol trapped in the intestines.
Insoluble Fiber:
Adds BULK to stool
-Wheat bran, corn, skin
Soluble Fiber:
Adds VOLUME to stool
-apples, bananas

17. Cholesterol
Type of fat found in all human and animal tissues
Needed for functions:
make vit. D
hormones
bile/digestion
Found in: meat/fish, poultry/eggs, dairy products
HDLs = Good (high density) Wraps up chol. and takes it to the liver to be removed from the blood Reduce risk of ♥ disease
LDLs = Bad (low density) Brings chol. to the body via the blood stream Plaque forms from deposits Can block blood flow, cause ♥ disease