1. Darwin’s Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection

2. Evolution
Evolution is change in the heritable traits of biological populations over successive generations
Evolutionary processes give rise to diversity at every level of biological organization, including the levels of species, individual organisms, and molecules
Evolution acts on existing genetic mutations

3. Artificial Selection Mechanism by which evolution can occur
It is most commonly seen with the careful breeding of plants or animals in order to promote traits that suit human preferences

6. Natural Selection
Mechanism by which, if given enough time a population could be modified to produce a new species
Some competitors in the struggle for existence would be better equipped for survival than others
Those less equipped would die or produce fewer offspring
Four basic principles
Variation
Heritability
Overproduction
Reproductive Advantage

8. Variation
Individuals in a population show variations among others of the same species

12. Heritability
Variations are inherited from parents

16. Overproduciton Populations produce more offspring than can survive
Those that are fittest for the environment survive

20. Reproductive Advantage
Variations that increase reproductive success will be more common in the next generation

26. Intermediate Forms in the Fossil Record
Fossils provide a record of species that lived long ago and thus supply evidence for evolutionary change

27. Archaeopteryx
Archaeopteryx is an intermediate between dinosaurs and birds
It had teeth and a tail like dinosaurs
It had feathers and a “wishbone” like a bird
Most feathers were not flight feathers but downy feathers for communication and insulation