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Hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia changes the pattern of electroencephalographic bicoherence growth during sevoflurane anaesthesia  K. Hayashi, M. Fujikawa,

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Presentation on theme: "Hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia changes the pattern of electroencephalographic bicoherence growth during sevoflurane anaesthesia  K. Hayashi, M. Fujikawa,"— Presentation transcript:

1 Hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia changes the pattern of electroencephalographic bicoherence growth during sevoflurane anaesthesia  K. Hayashi, M. Fujikawa, T. Sawa  British Journal of Anaesthesia  Volume 101, Issue 5, Pages (November 2008) DOI: /bja/aen269 Copyright © 2008 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

2 Fig 1 Representative raw EEG wave and corresponding power spectra under normocapnic and hypocapnic conditions in a patient anaesthetized using sevoflurane combined with remifentanil. In comparison with normocapnia, hyperventilation–hypocapnia causes an increase in the lower frequency area (δ and θ range) in the power spectrum (c). (a) Raw EEG wave under normocapnic conditions; (b) raw EEG wave under hyperventilation–hypocapnia conditions; and (c) superimposition of corresponding power spectra from both (a) and (b). Grey line: raw EEG wave under normocapnic conditions (a). Bold line: raw EEG wave under hyperventilation–hypocapnia conditions (b). British Journal of Anaesthesia  , DOI: ( /bja/aen269) Copyright © 2008 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

3 Fig 2 Typical patterns of mean biphasic bicoherence are shown as two-dimensional frequency plots on both oblique and vertical views. For calculation of bicoherence, the corresponding data from Figure 1 were used. (a) During normocapnia, bicoherence peaks are observed around the α and δ–θ areas; (b) under hypocapnic conditions, bicoherence growths in the δ–θ area are more prominent. Conversely, bicoherence growth in the α area is decreased. British Journal of Anaesthesia  , DOI: ( /bja/aen269) Copyright © 2008 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

4 Fig 3 (a) Superimposition of 22 averaged power spectra. Means with standard errors of the mean (sems) are shown. sems are shown as perpendicular lines (n=22). (b) Superimposition of 22 averaged bicoherence spectra around the diagonal lines (f1=f2). Means with sems. sems are shown as perpendicular lines (n=22). We described sems instead of sds, because the larger sds would make the figure unintelligible. Grey line: averaged normalized power (a) or bicoherence spectra (b) under normocapnic conditions. Bold line: averaged normalized power (a) or bicoherence spectra (b) under hyperventilation–hypocapnia conditions. British Journal of Anaesthesia  , DOI: ( /bja/aen269) Copyright © 2008 British Journal of Anaesthesia Terms and Conditions

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