1. Chapter 24 – The Roaring Twenties
Section Notes
Video
Boom Times
Life during the 1920s
The Jazz Age
The Impact of Younger Generations
Images
Quick Facts
Model T Assembly Line
The Model T
Sacco and Vanzetti
Primary Source: Prohibition
Social Studies Skills: Household Statistical Graphs
Chapter 24 Visual Summary

2. Life during the 1920s The Big Idea
Americans faced new opportunities, challenges, and fears as major changes swept the country in the 1920s.
Main Ideas
In the 1920s many young people found new independence in a changing society.
Postwar tensions occasionally led to fear and violence.
Competing ideals caused conflict between Americans with traditional beliefs and those with modern views.
Following the war, minority groups organized to demand their civil rights.

3. Main Idea 1: In the 1920s many young people found new independence in a changing society.
After the war, many young people moved to cities.
By 1920 more than half of the country’s population lived in urban areas.
Took advantage of 1920s economic boom to gain independence
New youth culture developed
Access to education grew.
High school attendance doubled in 1920s.
More attended colleges and universities.
Women also found new opportunities.
Number of women in workforce continued to grow.
New roles in politics
Some women, known as flappers, openly challenged traditional ideas of how women were supposed to behave.

4. Main Idea 2: Postwar tensions occasionally led to fear and violence.
Negative attitudes toward Communists grew in the 1920s.
After Communists took power in Russia in 1917, Americans worried that they would soon try to gain power in the United States.
Many Americans blamed Communists and radicals for labor strikes and other problems.
Attitudes led to a Red Scare, a time of fear of Communists, or Reds.
Communists were held responsible for bombings and killings.
Bombs were found in postal packages addressed to famous Americans and Communists were held responsible.
Political official’s home was bombed and police raids were organized to break up Communist and radical groups.
Italian anarchists, Sacco and Vanzetti, were convicted and executed for the robbery and murder of a factory paymaster and his guard.

5. Restricting Immigration
Concerns about immigration
Some Americans believed there was a general fear of foreigners.
Many recent immigrants were poor and did not speak English.
Some Americans saw immigrants as a threat to jobs and culture.
Government responded to these concerns with new laws.
Emergency Quota Act of 1921 limited total number of immigrants allowed into the country.
National Origins Act of 1924 banned immigration from East Asia entirely and reduced the number of immigrants allowed into the country.
Drastic drop in immigration to the United States

6. Main Idea 3: Competing ideals caused conflict between Americans with traditional beliefs and those with modern views.
Prohibition
The Eighteenth Amendment outlawed the manufacture, sale, and transport of alcoholic beverages.
Difficult to enforce
Many broke the law.
Law reduced consumption, but did not stop Americans from drinking.
Support strongest in rural areas
Opposition strongest in cities
By the end of the 1920s, the nation was weary of the effects of prohibition.
Believed that it would be better to have a legal alcohol trade with
government monitoring
The Twenty-first Amendment was passed in 1933, which ended prohibition.
Religious Ideals

7. Religious Ideals Fundamentalism
Religious leaders were concerned abut the youth culture and the failure of prohibition in the 1920s.
Wanted to return to traditional values
Led to a movement of fundamentalism– characterized by the belief in a literal, or word-for-word, interpretation of the Bible
Used the radio and modern marketing tools to draw followers
Strong in rural areas and small towns
Believed that modern scientific theories conflicted with teachings of the Bible
Opposed the teaching of evolution in public schools
Laws were passed in many states and cities to prevent the teaching of evolution.
Scopes trial in 1925
Tennessee teacher John T. Scopes put on trial for teaching evolution
Scopes convicted and fined $100 for breaking the law
State supreme court later overturned conviction.

8. Main Idea 4: Following the war, minority groups organized to demand their civil rights.
Great Migration– large numbers of African Americans left South to take jobs in northern factories after the war and through the 1920s.
Some white laborers feared competition for jobs.
Race riots broke out.
Ku Klux Klan gained more strength.
Harassed African Americans, Catholics, Jews, and immigrants
Worked against urbanization, women’s rights, and modern technology
Became influential in politics
More than 5 million members

9. Protecting Rights
African Americans began working to protect their rights.
The NAACP placed advertisements in newspapers presenting harsh facts about lynchings in the South.
Marcus Garvey encouraged black people to express pride in their culture and establish economic independence.
Black nationalism movement took root.
Hispanic Americans organized to fight prejudice and promote civil rights
Formed the League of United Latin American Citizens in 1929
Native Americans fought to establish their rights.
In 1924 Congress passed the Indian Citizenship Act, granting citizenship to all Native Americans.
Successfully prevented the federal government from taking back reservation lands

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