1. Section 2 Colonies in Central and South America

2. I. Colonies in Central and South America
Portugal claimed land in South America called Brazil
B. Spain claimed land in South and Central America and Southwestern United States
C. Those areas would follow the laws of their “mother country” and trade with them

3. Ii Type of Government Viceroyalties –land divided into units
They were ruled by a viceroy in the name of the King or Queen (make sure $$$ is made)
Spanish officials made sure laws were followed
Catholic Church was involved in governing colonies
Priests stepped in when they thought the Spanish were abusing the natives (Bartolame de las Casas)

4. III. Economy of the Colonies
Encomienda system-granted the right to control the Native American population in given areas
Conquistadors were granted encomiendas for their service in wars. They were given land and all the Natives who lived on it. Required to house, feed and teach Christianity to those natives
Natives had to work on the sugar cane plantations and in the gold and silver mines

5. D. Many of the natives died due to terrible conditions or diseases
D. Many of the natives died due to terrible conditions or diseases. So, Spaniards then brought over a new work force, the African slaves. E. Encomiendas were replaced by the giving of large amounts of land to Spaniards who wanted to become part of the colonies

6. IV. Culture of the colonies
Social Class system
-Peninsulares-People who came from Spain to the colonies. (Held positions of power, could own land)
-Creole-Persons born in the colonies of Spanish parents (could be educated and own land, could not hold positions of power)
- Mestizo-Children of Spanish and Native Parents
- Mulatto-Children of Native and African parents

7. B. Native religion and Spanish Christianity blends and a new type of Catholic tradition develops C. Natives were forced to adopt Spanish ways and beliefs (style of dress, language, Christianity, etc) D. Cultures blended in areas of art, food, music, language and traditions