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Presentation to the ECSG on White Space

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1 802.22 Presentation to the ECSG on White Space
January 2006 doc.: IEEE /0052r0 March 2009 Presentation to the ECSG on White Space Author: Abstract This contribution illustrates the work carried out by the WG over the last 5 years in developing the Wireless Regional Area Network standard to be used in TV White Space. Notice: This document has been prepared to assist IEEE It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release: The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEE’s name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEE’s sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE Patent Policy and Procedures: The contributor is familiar with the IEEE 802 Patent Policy and Procedures < including the statement "IEEE standards may include the known use of patent(s), including patent applications, provided the IEEE receives assurance from the patent holder or applicant with respect to patents essential for compliance with both mandatory and optional portions of the standard." Early disclosure to the Working Group of patent information that might be relevant to the standard is essential to reduce the possibility for delays in the development process and increase the likelihood that the draft publication will be approved for publication. Please notify the Chair Carl R. Stevenson as early as possible, in written or electronic form, if patented technology (or technology under patent application) might be incorporated into a draft standard being developed within the IEEE Working Group. If you have questions, contact the IEEE Patent Committee Administrator at Gerald Chouinard, CRC Gerald Chouinard, CRC

2 Outline The IEEE 802.22 WRAN Standard
January 2006 doc.: IEEE /0052r0 March 2009 Outline The IEEE WRAN Standard Coexistence among communication systems in TV White Space Protection of TV broadcasting Protection of Part 74 wireless microphones wireless microphone beacon Quiet periods for sensing Self-coexistence among WRAN systems Further observations DTV coverage protection RF mask Gerald Chouinard, CRC Gerald Chouinard, CRC

3 “Regional Area Network” Multipath absorption Window (Cyclic prefix )
January 2006 doc.: IEEE /0052r0 March 2009 IEEE Standards IEEE RAN “Regional Area Network” 30 km 37 μsec Multipath absorption Window (Cyclic prefix ) 0.25 2.2 μsec 0.8 The IEEE Working Group which is developing the WRAN standard is adding anotherr layer to the set of licensed-exempt wireless systems. It will be able to operate in the low-VHF (ch. 2-6), high-VHF (ch. 7-13) and UHF (ch. 14 to 51 and 69 where possible). It will use the standard TV channels, 6, 7 and 8 MHz wide. Each channel can carry some 20 Mbit/s capacity and its modulation (2000 carriers OFDMA) will be robust to long echoes (up to about 25 usec) found on these longer paths. 23 Mbit/s BW= 6,7,8 MHz MHz Gerald Chouinard, CRC Gerald Chouinard, CRC

4 Long round-trip delays
January 2006 doc.: IEEE /0052r0 March 2009 - Cable-modem / ADSL Rural Broadband: - WiFi hot-spots in ISM bands - Medium power wireless systems 5 km - Higher power, lower frequency broadband access system 30 km 23 km 16 km MAC Long round-trip delays QPSK 16-QAM 64-QAM PHY Adaptive modulation Example of a progressive coverage of a rural town/village and its surrounding. A higher power, lower frequency broadband access system such as the WRAN is needed to extend the coverage to some 30 km (limited by NLOS propagation). The actual limit in extent of coverage allowed by the standard will be up to 100 km. Gerald Chouinard, CRC Gerald Chouinard, CRC

5 Typical CPE installation (Fixed)
January 2006 doc.: IEEE /0052r0 March 2009 Typical CPE installation (Fixed) Sensing antenna GPS antenna TX/RX WRAN Antenna Gerald Chouinard, CRC Gerald Chouinard, CRC

6 802.22 Frame Structure Superframe = 160 ms Frame = 10 ms
March 2009 Frame Structure Superframe = 160 ms Frame = 10 ms Superframe =16 frames Gerald Chouinard, CRC

7 802.22 Reference Architecture
March 2009 Reference Architecture Gerald Chouinard, CRC

8 Outline The IEEE 802.22 WRAN Standard
January 2006 doc.: IEEE /0052r0 March 2009 Outline The IEEE WRAN Standard Coexistence among communication systems in TV White Space Protection of TV broadcasting Protection of Part 74 wireless microphones wireless microphone beacon Quiet periods for sensing Self-coexistence among WRAN systems Further observations DTV coverage protection RF mask Gerald Chouinard, CRC Gerald Chouinard, CRC

9 Coexistence among communications systems in TV White Space
March 2009 Coexistence among communications systems in TV White Space Self-coexistence Gerald Chouinard, CRC

10 Outline The IEEE 802.22 WRAN Standard
January 2006 doc.: IEEE /0052r0 March 2009 Outline The IEEE WRAN Standard Coexistence among communication systems in TV White Space Protection of TV broadcasting Protection of Part 74 wireless microphones wireless microphone beacon Quiet periods for sensing Self-coexistence among WRAN systems Further observations DTV coverage protection RF mask Gerald Chouinard, CRC Gerald Chouinard, CRC

11 WRAN CPE and DTV protection
January 2006 doc.: IEEE /0052r0 March 2009 WRAN CPE and DTV protection DTV WRAN For the other channels, i.e., N+/-2 and beyond, CPEs would be alllowed inside the DTV coverage area and the worst interference case will be when the two antennas aimed at each other and located at 10 m. Control of the maximum transmit power from the CPE will need to be exercised to avoid saturation of the DTV receiver. This will depend on the performance of the DTV receivers. Tests are needed to quantify such performance on the N+/_2 and beyond channels. This is what will be done at CRC through a Spectrum R&D project. Gerald Chouinard, CRC Gerald Chouinard, CRC

12 Co-channel keep-out distance between DTV and 802.22 WRAN
January 2006 doc.: IEEE /0052r0 March 2009 Co-channel keep-out distance between DTV and WRAN WRAN keep-out distance: Minimum field strength: dB(uV/m) Protection ratio: dB CPE antenna front-to-back: 14 dB Interfering field strength: dB(uV/m) 118 km 4 W WRAN base station keep-out distance 16.2 km DTV TX (1 MW ERP, 300 m) 134.2 km Geolocation & Database 4 W WRAN Base Station 16.8 km 41 dB(uV/m) F(50, 90) 36.3 dB(uV/m) Gerald Chouinard, CRC Gerald Chouinard, CRC

13 TV sensing techniques studied by 802.22
March 2009 TV sensing techniques studied by Signal specific ATSC Sequence correlation sensing ATSC signature Pilot recovery Single ATSC data field Multiple ATSC data fields Sync segment ATSC FFT-based Pilot sensing (Philips) ATSC Pilot sensing technique using high order statistics ATSC PLL-based Pilot sensing technique Dual FPLL pilot sensing ATSC Pilot covariance sensing technique Covariance based sensing Higher order statistics based pilot detection Blind Energy detection Eigenvalue sensing (I2R) Multi-resolution (MRSS) Spectral correlation Sensing for one TV band Sensing procedure for TV signals Sensing for multiple TV channel band Selection of frequency components: emphasizing near Parts with abrupt changes ATSC cyclostationary sensing technique Gerald Chouinard, CRC

14 March 2009 DTV Broadcast Incumbent Sensing ATSC FFT-based Pilot Sensing Technique (Philips) FFT applied around the pilot carrier 1 ms sensing window will allow a 32-point FFT while a 5 ms window will allow a 256-point FFT Gerald Chouinard, CRC

15 January 2006 doc.: IEEE /0052r0 March 2009 DTV Broadcast Incumbent Sensing Sensing techniques performance comparison Gerald Chouinard, CRC Gerald Chouinard, CRC

16 Outline The IEEE 802.22 WRAN Standard
January 2006 doc.: IEEE /0052r0 March 2009 Outline The IEEE WRAN Standard Coexistence among communication systems in TV White Space Protection of TV broadcasting Protection of Part 74 wireless microphones wireless microphone beacon Quiet periods for sensing Self-coexistence among WRAN systems Further observations DTV coverage protection RF mask Gerald Chouinard, CRC Gerald Chouinard, CRC

17 WRAN coverage and co-channel operation with wireless microphones
March 2009 WRAN coverage and co-channel operation with wireless microphones F(50, 99.9) Minimum WRAN field strength: 29 dB(uV/m) Wireless microphone operation F(50, 10) Area where CPEs need to change frequency R2 R2 R1 Area where CPEs need to reduce their transmit power as a function of their distance to the wireless microphone operation Edge of coverage of the WRAN BS (e.g., 17 km for 4 W EIRP, 30 km for 100 W EIRP) Gerald Chouinard, CRC

18 Wireless microphone sensing techniques studied by 802.22
March 2009 Wireless microphone sensing techniques studied by Signal specific Wireless microphone covariance sensing technique Covariance based sensing Covariance absolute value detection Covariance Frobenius norm detection Spectral correlation sensing technique Sensing for one TV band Sensing Procedure for wireless microphone signals Gerald Chouinard, CRC

19 Outline The IEEE 802.22 WRAN Standard
January 2006 doc.: IEEE /0052r0 March 2009 Outline The IEEE WRAN Standard Coexistence among communication systems in TV White Space Protection of TV broadcasting Protection of Part 74 wireless microphones wireless microphone beacon Quiet periods for sensing Self-coexistence among WRAN systems Further observations DTV coverage protection RF mask Gerald Chouinard, CRC Gerald Chouinard, CRC

20 Inter-beacon networking period
January 2006 doc.: IEEE /0052r0 March 2009 Beacon Design 3.33 ms I-channel Q-channel 98 ms Inter-beacon networking period - Source address - Location - subchannel map - signature - certificate 101 ms frame Gerald Chouinard, CRC Gerald Chouinard, CRC

21 802.22.1 Beacon Design PPDU (101 octets) March 2009 January 2006
doc.: IEEE /0052r0 March 2009 Beacon Design Location Signature Certificate PPDU (101 octets) Gerald Chouinard, CRC Gerald Chouinard, CRC

22 Detection of the 802.22.1 beacon
March 2009 Detection of the beacon -114 dBm Gerald Chouinard, CRC

23 Outline The IEEE 802.22 WRAN Standard
January 2006 doc.: IEEE /0052r0 March 2009 Outline The IEEE WRAN Standard Coexistence among communication systems in TV White Space Protection of TV broadcasting Protection of Part 74 wireless microphones wireless microphone beacon Quiet periods for sensing Self-coexistence among WRAN systems Further observations DTV coverage protection RF mask Gerald Chouinard, CRC Gerald Chouinard, CRC

24 802.22 Frame Structure Superframe = 160 ms Frame = 10 ms
March 2009 Frame Structure Superframe = 160 ms Frame = 10 ms Superframe =16 frames Gerald Chouinard, CRC

25 802.22 Frame Structure Superframe = 160 ms Frame = 10 ms
March 2009 Frame Structure Superframe = 160 ms Frame = 10 ms Frame quiet period: 5.1 ms Superframe =16 frames Gerald Chouinard, CRC

26 Multi-frame quiet periods
March 2009 Superframe Structure Multi-frame quiet periods Gerald Chouinard, CRC

27 Superframe quiet period: up to 158 ms
March 2009 Superframe Structure Superframe quiet period: up to 158 ms Gerald Chouinard, CRC

28 Outline The IEEE 802.22 WRAN Standard
January 2006 doc.: IEEE /0052r0 March 2009 Outline The IEEE WRAN Standard Coexistence among communication systems in TV White Space Protection of TV broadcasting Protection of Part 74 wireless microphones wireless microphone beacon Quiet periods for sensing Self-coexistence among WRAN systems Further observations DTV coverage protection RF mask Gerald Chouinard, CRC Gerald Chouinard, CRC

29 WRAN Self-coexistence considerations
March 2009 WRAN Self-coexistence considerations MAC self-coexistence schemes PHY coexistence mechanisms Spectrum Etiquette Adaptive on-demand channel contention Frame contention Different TV channel selection for operational channel and first backup channel Frame allocation signalled by the superframe control header (SCH) Gerald Chouinard, CRC

30 Self-coexistence among WRAN systems
March 2009 Self-coexistence among WRAN systems Inter-cell communication mechanism to keep BSs aware of the other nearby WRAN cell operation: Coexistence beacon Transmitted during the self-coexistence windows at the end of some frames by the BS and/or some designated CPEs Monitored by BSs and other CPEs from same and different cells on same channel or different channel for future channel switching Signals IP address of BS and CPE every 15 min. as asked by R&O Coexistence Beacon Protocol (CBP) burst Gerald Chouinard, CRC

31 CBP Communications (Require Neighbor-cell CPEs to exist)
March 2009 CBP Communications (Require Neighbor-cell CPEs to exist) The “face-to-face CPEs” case: The “back-to-back CPEs” case: Gerald Chouinard, CRC

32 Outline The IEEE 802.22 WRAN Standard
January 2006 doc.: IEEE /0052r0 March 2009 Outline The IEEE WRAN Standard Coexistence among communication systems in TV White Space Protection of TV broadcasting Protection of Part 74 wireless microphones wireless microphone beacon Quiet periods for sensing Self-coexistence among WRAN systems Further observations DTV coverage protection RF mask Gerald Chouinard, CRC Gerald Chouinard, CRC

33 Noise Limited Contour DTV Coverage: Athen, GA March 2009
News Corporation’s Fox Technology Group’s propagation prediction software: tv-simulation-results.doc Gerald Chouinard, CRC

34 802.22 RF Mask March 2009 33 dB 4 Watt EIRP
Rejection if microphones in 1st adjacent channel 1 dB DTV RX desensitization Gerald Chouinard, CRC

35 January 2006 doc.: IEEE /0052r0 March 2009 References IEEE P802.22™/ DRAFTv1.0 Draft Standard for Wireless Regional Area Networks Part 22: Cognitive Wireless RAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications: Policies and procedures for operation in the TV Bands, April 2008 FCC R&O Gerald Chouinard, CRC Gerald Chouinard, CRC

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