1. Classifying Matter

2. 5.1 Properties of Matter
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space
Matter can be classified into 2 categories: pure substances and mixtures
Matter has both physical and chemical properties

3. Physical property = a characteristic of a substance that you observe with your senses

4. Cont’d
A qualitative physical property is a characteristic of a substance that can be described but not measured numerically eg) temperature ,colour, odour (descriptive words)
A quantitative physical property is a characteristic of a substance that can be measured numerically Eg) weight, boiling point, freezing point

5. A chemical property is a characteristic of a substance that describes its ability to react chemically with other substances to form a new substance eg) combustibility, flammable, sensitive to light

6. Classification of Matter
Matter could be classified as a
solid, liquid or gas

7. Particle Theory of Matter
All matter is made of tiny particles that have empty space between them.
Different substances are made of different particles
Particles are in constant random motion.
The particles of a substance move faster as its temperature increases.
Particles attract each other

8. Particles can be the same or different in a material
If they are the same it is called a pure substance, if different a mixture. If the material consists of different particles it can be broken down into two or more pure substances.
Ex) water vs sugar water
water = pure substance
sugar water = mixture

9. 3) All pure substance are homogeneous, whereas a mixture could be homogeneous or heterogeneous.
Heterogeneous: contains more than one phase
Homogeneous: uniform throughout, contains only one phase
Ex) salad dressing = het
aluminum foil = hom
sugar = hom
beach sand = het

10. States of Matter - Solid
Particle arrangement is organized
Definite shape
Particles very close
Dense material
Strong attractive forces
Strong strength of material
Particles move slow

11. States of Matter - Liquid
Particles less organized
Definite volume
Particles moderately close
Moderately dense
Moderately strong attractive forces
Moderately strong material
Moderately particle speed

12. States of Matter - Gas Random particle arrangement
Take shape of container
Particles far apart
Material less dense
Attractive forces weak
Strength of material weak
Particle speed fast