1. Unit 3
Management

2. Objectives of this Unit
What is Management?
Characteristics of Managers
Management in Action.
How does Enterprise differ from Management?
Three Management Skills
Leading
Motivating
Communicating

3. Management Definition
Management can be defined as the process that must be undertaken to achieve the goals of an organisation through successful use of time, people and money.
It involves analysing the managerial functions of planning, organisation, staffing, directing and controlling.

4. Managerial Characteristics
Hardworking
Managers must be hardworking, as their jobs will involve long hours. They must be prepared to stick at a job until completed.
Self-motivated
Managers must be able to motivate all those around them to work together to achieve the goals of the organisation. Managers must be able to command respect from their subordinates as well as loyalty and trust.
Team player
Managers must be good with people on both a personal and professional level. They must be able to work with and understand those who work in the organisation.
Planning
Managers must know and understand the importance of planning in every aspect of an enterprise.

5. Managerial Characteristics
Decisive
Managers must be able to make quick decisions, having considered all the available facts. They should also be prepared to stand over the decisions they make
Flexible
Good managers will be able to adapt their thinking and their actions to changing circumstances.
Initiative
Good managers will show initiative in coming up with new approaches and new ideas for dealing with particular situations. They will also ‘lead from the front’ with confidence and drive.
Organiser
Managers must have a clear vision and understanding of their role, and the roles of others. They must be able to bring order and clarification to a situation.
Delegation
Good managers will give authority and responsibility to others in order to allow them to develop and use their talents for the good of the organisation.

6. Non-Business Management
Management is part of daily life. In that sense everybody needs to be a manager.
Individuals that wish to achieve a goal must manage their personal lives.
Families need considerable management of time, money and resources.
Local Communities Clubs and Voluntary Groups wishing to achieve a goal building a community centre or organizing a social event need to manage their resources if the idea is to be turned into reality.
Businesses and Governments also need to manage time, money and resources if they are to achieve their goals and objectives.

7. Non-Business Management
Give examples of management in each of the following areas:
The Home:
Setting Objectives:
Acquiring a certain standard of living, career objectives
Decision Making:
Decisions regarding finance, education, assets
Planning:
Saving plans, insurance, reservation of places in schools
Leadership
The head of the household must provide leadership when dealing with children but also in times of crisis
Motivation
Household manager must be a motivator at home, e.g. at exam times, promotion of healthy lifestyle
Communication:
Communication between banks, schools, service providers.

8. Non-Business Management
Give examples of management in each of the following areas:
The Home:
Setting Objectives:
Acquiring a certain standard of living, career objectives
Decision Making:
Decisions regarding finance, education, assets
Planning:
Saving plans, insurance, reservation of places in schools
Leadership
The head of the household must provide leadership when dealing with children but also in times of crisis
Motivation
Household manager must be a motivator at home, e.g. at exam times.
Communication:
Communication between banks, schools, service providers.

9. Non-Business Management
The School:
Setting Objectives:
Teachers should set objectives, both long term and short term
Decision Making:
Decisions regarding finance, subject choices, timetables
Planning:
Work for the year, including excursions, field work, teacher training and exams
Leadership
Teachers and principal will show leadership both in the school and in the classroom
Motivation
As exam time nears, students will need to be motivated by the teacher and their peers.
Communication:
Communication between teacher and pupil, teacher and parent, school and the department

10. Non-Business Management
Local and National Government:
Setting Objectives:
Objectives, both long term and short term regarding spending, unemployment, environment, taxation, infrastructure.
Decision Making:
Decisions regarding finance, especially in budgets.
Planning:
Objectives that are set down are planned to be achieved.
Leadership
People expect and demand that members of the government show leadership.
Motivation
Governments must motivate people to play their part in growing the economy by encouraging entrepreneurship, payment of taxes.
Communication:
Communication between government depts, industry, public, and Europe.

11. Non-Business Management
Local Community:
Setting Objectives:
Local community groups, clubs and organisations, set objectives that they hope to achieve for the community
Decision Making:
Community groups will have to make decisions regarding allocation of finances and other resources.
Motivation
Those who set up local groups must motivate others to help them in their work and to take an active part in their community
Communication:
Local groups will have to communicate with local people regarding fundraising and educational events they are organising.