1. Ventriculocoronary artery bypass results using a mesh-tipped device in a porcine model 
Robert W Emery, MD, Frazier Eales, MD, Clifford H Van Meter, MD, Mark B Knudson, PhD, Eric E Solien, BS, Katherine S Tweden, PhD 
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery 
Volume 72, Issue 3, Pages S1004-S1008 (September 2001)
DOI: /S (01)

2. Fig 1
Rendering of the transmyocardial device. A = the stabilizer; B = the meshed tip of the coronary arm; C = the myocardial arm of the device.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , S1004-S1008DOI: ( /S (01) )

3. Fig 2
An example of flow and systemic arterial pressure waveforms for (A) the base line left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and (B) the experimental device immediately after implantation. Instantaneous flow measures are plotted to define the flow curves for both native coronary flow and direct revascularization device-supplied flow. The greatest of the discrete forward and retrograde instantaneous values are considered the peak flow forward and retrograde, respectively. Forward flow is calculated as the running average of all the instantaneous flow velocities including both forward and retrograde, measured over an entire cardiac cycle. Note diastolic flow in (A) as compared with systolic flow in (B). (SAP = systemic arterial pressure.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , S1004-S1008DOI: ( /S (01) )

4. Fig 3
Gross photograph of device–artery interface 4 weeks after implantation. The left anterior descending coronary artery opened longitudinally. (da = distal artery.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , S1004-S1008DOI: ( /S (01) )

5. Fig 4
Photomicrograph of reaction at device/artery interface shown in Figure 2 (device is removed). (Hematoxylin and eosin; ×40 before 50% reduction. D = the space that was occupied by the device; da = distal artery.)
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , S1004-S1008DOI: ( /S (01) )

6. Fig 5
Gross photograph of device/endocardial interface 4 weeks after implantation.
The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , S1004-S1008DOI: ( /S (01) )