1. 13 Colonies
The Colonial Period Overview Questions and Vocabulary

2. Up until 1680 most of the settlers who came to the new world were from what country?
List 3 reasons that many people left continental Europe and came to the New World.
Escape the path of war (over religion),
avoid poverty, and absentee landlordism
England

3. What was the population of the New World by 1690?
What was the population by 1775?
_2.5 million_
Why was it difficult to farm in New England?
Thin, stony soil, relatively little level
land, and long winters
¼ of a million

4. List 4 of the ways that the people of New England made money.
Grain mills and sawmills,
shipbuilding, trade, and the cod
industry

5. Where did the people of New England live and why did they live there?
In villages and towns around
the harbors because many New Englanders carried on some kind of trade or business

6. What was being built in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
vessels (ships)
Why was this important?
This laid the foundation for a trade that was to grow
rapidly

7. What was the triangular trade?
merchants and shippers would purchase slaves off of the coast of Africa for New England rum, then sell slaves in the West Indies where they would buy molasses to bring home for sale to the local rum producers.

8. Why was it considered
“unsavory”?
it was considered unsavory because it was morally wrong to purchase/own
another person

9. The people in the Middle Colonies were more than in New England.
Who guided Pennsylvania and was the reason it ran smoothly and grew rapidly?
William Penn
tolerant

10. What was Philadelphia?
it was the heart of Pennsylvania
What made it one of the most thriving cities in the colonies?
Their talent for successful
business enterprise

11. Who were the best farmers?
Germans
What cottage industries were important in the Middle Colonies?
weaving, shoemaking,
cabinetmaking and other crafts

12. Who moved into the Middle Colonies in the early 18th century?
Describe the Scots-Irish. Tell about them, where they settled and how they survived.
They settled in the back country of Pennsylvania and survived by hunting and subsistence farming
Scots-Irish

13. What colony was a great example of the many different nationalities that moved to the New World?
List the other nationalities that settled
along the Hudson River.
New York
Dutch, French, Danes, Norwegians, Swedes, English, Scots, Irish, Germans, Poles, Bohemians, Portuguese, and Italians

14. What city in New York became busy with all kinds of people and businesses?
How did the Southern Colonies make their money?
lumber, tar, resin (from the long leaf pine tree), rice, indigo, maize, and wheat
Manhattan

15. Describe the farmers of the Tidewater region.
they were supported by slave labor, held most of the political power and the best land, built great houses, adopted an aristocratic (power in the hands of a few) way of life

16. Charleston, South Carolina
____________________________
became the leading port and trading center in the South.
What did the settlers there learn to do?
to combine agriculture and commerce

17. Virginia Which colony only grew one crop?
What did North and South Carolina grow and export?
rice, indigo, and forests/trees
Virginia

18. Who moved inland and give the reasons why?
Germans and Scots-Irish moved inland because they were
unwilling to live in the original
tidewater settlements, they
could not secure fertile land
along the coast, or they had
exhausted the land they held

19. They built cabins, cleared tracts
Describe the frontier family. Tell where they lived and about their lives.
They built cabins, cleared tracts
in the wilderness, cultivated maize
and wheat, the men wore leather
known as buckskin, the women wore
clothes made of cloth they spun at
home, they ate venison (deer), wild
turkey, and fish, they had great
barbeques, dances, housewarmings
for newly married couples, shooting
matches, and contests for making quilt
blankets

20. 13 Colonies Vocab
refugees- a person who flees from a country to seek shelter or safety elsewhere
Export- carry or send goods to another country
Commerce- buying/selling of goods especially when done on a large scale between cities, states, or countries

21. 13 Colonies Vocab Continued
anything bought or sold
4. Commodity –
5. Substantial –
6. Creed –
7. Subsistence –
large in amount, size or number
a statement of the basic belief of a religion
minimum food or shelter needed to support life

22. 13 Colonies Vocab Continued
8. Predominantly –
9. Revenue –
10. Interior –
11. Tracts –
a position of power, authority or influence over others
an amount of money regularly coming in
situated well inland from the coast or border
an expanse or area of land, water, etc.