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Chapter 20 The Niphal
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Qal Recognition All verb forms up to this point have been assumed to be qal verb forms This is what you’ve been learning!
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Qal Exegetical significance Simple active – “John preached the word.”
Fientive vs. stative Fientive – Describes an action (John preached…) Stative – Describes a state of being (John is afraid).
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Niphal Exegetical significance
Simple passive – Subject receives the action “The food was eaten” The most common function Reflexive – Subject is both the actor and recipient of the action “The heavens opened”
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Niphal Conjugation – Recognition Keys
Perfect – Prefixed נ
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Niphal Conjugation – Recognition Keys
Imperfect – Niphal triangle
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Niphal Conjugation – Recognition Keys
Imperfect – Niphal triangle
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Niphal Conjugation – Recognition Keys
Imperfect – Niphal triangle – Gutturals affect the vowel pointing
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Niphal Conjugation – Recognition Keys
Imperative – Prefixed ה with niphal triangle
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Niphal Conjugation – Recognition Keys
Participle – Always passive; same as niphal 3ms except the pathach is a qamets 3ms Pass. Ptc.
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Niphal Conjugation – Recognition Keys
Infinitive construct – Same as imperative mas sg, but normally w/ a preposition Impv. 2ms Inf. Con.
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Niphal Conjugation – Recognition Keys
Infinitive absolute – Niphal triangle or prefixed נ (careful about the impf. 1cp)
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Bottom Line Niphal – Normally simple passive, but also reflexive
Niphal recognition keys for each kind of verb – Perfect, imperfect, imperative, participle, infinitive construct, infinitive absolute
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לָקַ֥ח אֹתוֹ֖ אֱלֹהִֽים׃
Parsing לָקַ֥ח אֹתוֹ֖ אֱלֹהִֽים׃ Qal-Perfect-3ms (Gen. 5:24)
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נִפְתְּחוּ֙ הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם
Parsing נִפְתְּחוּ֙ הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם Niphal-Perfect-3cp (Ezek. 1:1)
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כִּ֣י׀ יִמְלְא֣וּ יָמֶ֗יךָ
Parsing כִּ֣י׀ יִמְלְא֣וּ יָמֶ֗יךָ Qal-Impf-3cp (2 Sam 7:12)
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בִּ֥י נִשְׁבַּ֖עְתִּי נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה
Parsing בִּ֥י נִשְׁבַּ֖עְתִּי נְאֻם־יְהוָ֑ה Niphal-Perfect-1cs (Gen. 22:16)
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Parsing תִּשְׁמַ֥ע Qal-Impf-3fs or 2ms
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Parsing תִּשָּׁמֵ֑רוּ Niphal-Impf-2mp
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Parsing הַכֹּתְבִ֖ים Qal-ptc-mas-pl
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Parsing הִלָּקַח Niphal-Impv/Inf Con-2ms/none
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Parsing אָֽמְרוּ Qal-Perfect-3cp
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Parsing תִּנָּשֶׂאנָה Niphal-Impf-3fp/2fp
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Parsing אָכ֖וֹל Qal-Inf abs
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Exercise 8
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Exercise 8
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Exercise 8
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Exercise 8
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Exercise 8
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Exercise 8
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Exercise 8
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Exercise 8
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Exercise 8
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Exercise 8
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Exercise 8
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Exercise 8
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