1. Communication and Networking Services Networking Services

2. Objectives List advantages of networked computing relative to standalone computing Identify elements of a network Describe several specific uses of a network

3. Objectives Distinguish between client/server and peer-to-peer networks Identify some of the certifications available to networking professionals Identify kinds of non-technical, or soft, skills to help in succeeding as a networking professional

4. Networks and Standalone Computers Network Group of computers and other devices connected by some type of transmission media Group of computers and other devices connected by some type of transmission media Networks enable users to share devices and data, collectively called a network s resources Networks enable users to share devices and data, collectively called a network s resources Standalone computer Uses programs and data only from its local disks and is not connected to a network Uses programs and data only from its local disks and is not connected to a network

5. Sneakernet Method of sharing data by copying it to a disk and carrying the disk from computer to computer Figure 1-1: Data sharing before the advent of networks

6. Local and Remote Computers Local computer Computer on which user is working Computer on which user is working Remote computer Computer that user controls or works on via network connection Computer that user controls or works on via network connection

7. Peer-to-Peer Network Computers communicate on single segment of cable and share each other s data and devices Simple example of a local area network (LAN) Figure 1-2: Simple peer-to-peer network

8. Local Area Network (LAN) Network of computers and other devices confined to relatively small space LANs involving many computers are usually server-based On a server-based network, special computers (known as servers ) process data for and facilitate communication between other computers on the network (known as clients ) On a server-based network, special computers (known as servers ) process data for and facilitate communication between other computers on the network (known as clients )

9. Networking Basics Workstation Computer that typically runs a desktop operating system and connects to a network Computer that typically runs a desktop operating system and connects to a network Client/server architecture Networking model in which clients use central server to share applications, devices, and data Networking model in which clients use central server to share applications, devices, and data

10. Networking Basics Client/server network Network based on client/server architecture Network based on client/server architecture Network operating system Special software designed to manage data and other resources on a server for a number of clients Special software designed to manage data and other resources on a server for a number of clients

11. Networking Basics Figure 1-3: LAN with a file server

12. Networking Basics Figure 1-4: An example of a complex network

13. Advantages of Server-Based over Peer-to-Peer Networks User login accounts and passwords can be assigned in one place Access to multiple shared resources can be centrally granted Servers are optimized to handle heavy processing loads and dedicated to handling requests from clients Servers can connect more than a handful of computers

14. MANs and WANs Metropolitan area network (MAN) Network connecting clients and servers in multiple buildings within limited geographic area Network connecting clients and servers in multiple buildings within limited geographic area Wide area network (WAN) Network that spans large distance and connects two or more LANs Network that spans large distance and connects two or more LANs The Internet is an example of a very intricate and extensive WAN that spans the globe The Internet is an example of a very intricate and extensive WAN that spans the globe

15. WAN Figure 1-5: A simple WAN

16. Elements Common to All Server-Based Networks Client In addition to referring to a computer on the network, may also refers to human user of client workstation In addition to referring to a computer on the network, may also refers to human user of client workstationServerWorkstation Network interface card (NIC) Enables workstation to connect to the network and communicate with other computers Enables workstation to connect to the network and communicate with other computers

17. Elements Common to All Server-Based Networks Figure 1-6: A network interface card (NIC)

18. Network operating system (NOS) Host Server that manages shared resources Server that manages shared resourcesNode Client, server, or other device that can communicate over a network and that is identified by a unique identifying number, known as its network address Client, server, or other device that can communicate over a network and that is identified by a unique identifying number, known as its network address Elements Common to All Server-Based Networks

19. Topology Physical layout of computer network Physical layout of computer network Figure 1-7: Commonly used network topologies

20. Elements Common to All Server-Based Networks Protocol Rules network uses to transfer data Rules network uses to transfer data Data Packets The distinct units of data transmitted from one computer to another on a network The distinct units of data transmitted from one computer to another on a network

21. Elements Common to All Server-Based Networks Addressing Scheme for assigning unique identifying number to every workstation on network Scheme for assigning unique identifying number to every workstation on network The number that uniquely identifies each workstation and device on a network is its address The number that uniquely identifies each workstation and device on a network is its address

22. Elements Common to All Server-Based Networks Transmission media Means through which data are transmitted and received Means through which data are transmitted and received Figure 1-8: Examples of network transmission media

23. How Networks Are Used Services Features provided by a network Features provided by a network File and print services Communications services Mail services Internet services Management services

24. Network Services File services Refers to capability of a server to share data files, applications, and disk storage space Refers to capability of a server to share data files, applications, and disk storage space Server that provides file services is called a file server Server that provides file services is called a file server Print services Allows printers to be shared by several users on a network Allows printers to be shared by several users on a network

25. Network Services Communications services Allow remote users to connect to a network Allow remote users to connect to a network Remote user Person working on a computer in a different geographical location from the LAN s server Person working on a computer in a different geographical location from the LAN s server Communications server Communications server Server that runs communications services Also referred to as access servers and remote access servers

26. Network Services Mail services Coordinate storage and transfer of e-mail between users on a network Coordinate storage and transfer of e-mail between users on a networkGateway Combination of software and hardware enabling two different kinds of networks to exchange data Combination of software and hardware enabling two different kinds of networks to exchange data Internet services Enable networks to communicate with the Internet Enable networks to communicate with the Internet

27. Network Services Management services Centrally administer and simplify complicated management tasks on the network Centrally administer and simplify complicated management tasks on the network Numerous services fall under category of network management Numerous services fall under category of network management

28. Important Management Services Traffic monitoring and control Traffic Traffic Data transmission and processing activity taking place on a computer network at any given time Segment Segment Part of LAN that is logically separated from other parts of LAN and that shares fixed amount of traffic capacity

29. Important Management Services Load balancing Distributing process activity evenly across a network so that no single device is overwhelmed Distributing process activity evenly across a network so that no single device is overwhelmed Hardware diagnosis and failure alert Determining when a network component fails and automatically notifying network administrators through e-mail or pager Determining when a network component fails and automatically notifying network administrators through e-mail or pager

30. Important Management Services Asset management Collecting and storing data on number and types of software and hardware assets in an organization s network Collecting and storing data on number and types of software and hardware assets in an organization s network License tracking Determining how many copies of a single application are currently in use on a network Determining how many copies of a single application are currently in use on a network

31. Important Management Services Security auditing Evaluating what security measures are currently in force and notifying network administrator if a security breach occurs Evaluating what security measures are currently in force and notifying network administrator if a security breach occurs Software distribution Automatically transferring data file or program from the server to a client on the network Automatically transferring data file or program from the server to a client on the network

32. Important Management Services Address management Centrally administering a finite number of network addresses for an entire LAN Centrally administering a finite number of network addresses for an entire LAN Backup and restoration of data Backing up Backing up Copying critical files to a secure storage area Restoring Restoring Retrieving data if original files are lost or deleted

33. Becoming a Network Professional Mastering the technical challenges Developing your soft skills Developing your soft skills Pursuing certification Finding a job in networking Joining professional associations

34. Mastering the Technical Challenges Installing, configuring, and troubleshooting network server software Installing, configuring, and troubleshooting network server hardware Installing, configuring, and troubleshooting network client software Installing, configuring, and troubleshooting network client hardware

35. Mastering the Technical Challenges Understanding the characteristics of different transmission media Understanding network design Understanding network protocols Understanding how users interact with the network

36. Mastering the Technical Challenges Specialty areas in high demand for networking professionals: Network security Network security Internet and intranet design Internet and intranet design Network management Network management Voice/data integration Voice/data integration Remote and mobile computing Remote and mobile computing

37. Mastering the Technical Challenges Specialty areas in high demand for networking professionals (cont.): Data integrity and fault tolerance Data integrity and fault tolerance In-depth knowledge of Microsoft networking products In-depth knowledge of Microsoft networking products In-depth knowledge of NetWare networking products In-depth knowledge of NetWare networking products In-depth knowledge of router configuration and management In-depth knowledge of router configuration and management

38. Developing Your Soft Skills Developing Your Soft Skills Skills not easily measured but important to a networking career: Customer relations Customer relations Oral and written communications Oral and written communications Dependability Dependability Teamwork Teamwork Leadership abilities Leadership abilities

39. Pursuing Certification Certification Process of mastering material pertaining to a particular hardware system, operating system, programming language, or other software program, then proving your mastery by passing a series of exams Process of mastering material pertaining to a particular hardware system, operating system, programming language, or other software program, then proving your mastery by passing a series of exams Computer Technology Association (CompTIA) An association that sets industry-wide standards for computer professionals An association that sets industry-wide standards for computer professionals

40. Pursuing Certification A+ Certification established by CompTIA Certification established by CompTIA Verifies knowledge about PC operation, repair, and management Verifies knowledge about PC operation, repair, and management Microsoft Certified Systems Engineer (MCSE) Certification established by Microsoft Certification established by Microsoft Demonstrates in-depth knowledge about Microsoft s products Demonstrates in-depth knowledge about Microsoft s products

41. Pursuing Certification Certified NetWare Engineer (CNE) Certification established by Novell Certification established by Novell Demonstrates in-depth understanding of Novell s networking software Demonstrates in-depth understanding of Novell s networking software Network+ (Net+) Certification established by CompTIA Certification established by CompTIA Verifies broad, vendor-independent networking technology skills Verifies broad, vendor-independent networking technology skills

42. Pursuing Certification Benefits of becoming certified include: Better salary Better salary Greater opportunities Greater opportunities Professional respect Professional respect Access to better support Access to better support

43. Finding a Job in Networking Search the Web Read the paper Visit a career center Network Attend career fairs

44. Finding a Job in Networking Table 1-1: Web sites with job databases

45. Joining Professional Associations Benefits can include: Connecting with people who have similar interests Connecting with people who have similar interests Providing new opportunities for learning Providing new opportunities for learning Allowing access to specialized information Allowing access to specialized information Giving you tangible assets such as free goods Giving you tangible assets such as free goods

46. Joining Professional Associations Table 1-2: Web sites of networking organizations

47. Chapter Summary A Network is a group of computers or other devices connected by some type of transmission media Networks may be small or large, connecting computers in one office or across the world All networks offer advantages relative to the use of standalone computers Simplest form of a network still used today connects a handful of computers through one cable and uses peer-to-peer communication

48. Chapter Summary A LAN is a network of computers and other devices confined to a relatively small space A WAN is a network connecting two or more geographically distinct LANs All server-based networks share some common elements The physical layout of a computer network is called a topology Network protocols are rules the network uses to transfer data

49. Chapter Summary File and print services provide foundation for networking Communications services allow remote users to connect to the network Mail services allow networks users to exchange and store e-mail Internet services enable organizations to connect to the Internet Network management services centrally administer and simplify complicated management tasks on network

50. Chapter Summary Networking professionals are in demand Pursuing certification can benefit you in many ways Hone your soft skills Numerous resources are available in searching for networking positions Joining associations can benefit your professional growth