2. Lesson 1.2 Suspect Profiling
Definitions and templates for:
Case Notes 1.2 l Investigation Activity 1.2

3. Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Viral Types
Penicillium spp.
Escherichia coli O157:H7
Saccharomyces cerevisiae

4. Definition
Bacteria
Single-cell microorganism with no clearly defined nucleus (prokaryote), capable of self-replication.
Bacteria usually reproduce by one cell splitting in two.
With ideal conditions they split every half hour. In 12 hours one cell could multiply into 33 million cells!
Bacteria
Single-cell microorganisms with no clearly defined nucleus (prokaryote) although they have an irregularly shaped region called a nucleoid. Bacteria are capable of self-replication and usually reproduce when one cell splits in two.

5. Definition
Bacteria
Bacteria can use most carbohydrates, fats, and proteins as sources of nutrients.
Because of this you can find them nearly everywhere
In air, soil, and water
In intestines of animals and humans
On raw meat, poultry, and seafood

6. Definition Bacteria can also be on Skins of fruits and vegetables
Shells of nuts
Insects and rodents
Hand, skin, hair, and clothing of people

7. Definition
Bacteria
Some bacteria have the ability to form seed like structures that allows them to survive for longer periods of time under inhospitable conditions. This form is called a spore.

8. Definition
Virus
A piece of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein membrane.
A virus cannot reproduce on its own. It must infect the cell of another living organism before it can replicate.
Viruses
Pieces of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein membrane. A virus cannot reproduce on its own. It must infect the cell of another living organism before it can replicate.

9. Definition
Fungi
A kingdom of organisms that include mushrooms, molds, and yeasts.
Fungi
A kingdom of organisms that includes mushrooms, molds, and yeasts.
Two types of fungi commonly associated with food are:
Yeasts: unicellular fungi that usually go through cell division by budding. Although they are unicellular (single cell) organisms, yeasts commonly grow together in groups to break down sugar and starches. Yeasts require moist or wet environments to grow.
Molds: multi-cellular, filamentous fungi that grew very quickly by asexual reproduction. Molds need little water, but do need the right temperature and level of oxygen to grow. They prefer room or higher temperatures.

10. Definition
Two types of fungi commonly associated with food microbiology are
Mold
Yeast
Fungi
A kingdom of organisms that includes mushrooms, molds, and yeasts.
Two types of fungi commonly associated with food are:
Yeasts: unicellular fungi that usually go through cell division by budding. Although they are unicellular (single cell) organisms, yeasts commonly grow together in groups to break down sugar and starches. Yeasts require moist or wet environments to grow.
Molds: multi-cellular, filamentous fungi that grew very quickly by asexual reproduction. Molds need little water, but do need the right temperature and level of oxygen to grow. They prefer room or higher temperatures.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Penicillium spp.

11. Definition
Mold
Multi-cellular, filamentous fungi that grow very quickly by asexual reproduction.
Need little water.
Do need the right temperature and level of oxygen to grow.
Prefer room or higher temperatures.
Fungi
A kingdom of organisms that includes mushrooms, molds, and yeasts.
Two types of fungi commonly associated with food are:
Yeasts: unicellular fungi that usually go through cell division by budding. Although they are unicellular (single cell) organisms, yeasts commonly grow together in groups to break down sugar and starches. Yeasts require moist or wet environments to grow.
Molds: multi-cellular, filamentous fungi that grew very quickly by asexual reproduction. Molds need little water, but do need the right temperature and level of oxygen to grow. They prefer room or higher temperatures.

12. Definition
Yeast
Unicellular fungi that usually go through cell division by budding.
Although they are unicellular (single cell) organisms, yeasts commonly grow together in groups to break down sugar and starches.
Yeasts require moist or wet environments.
Fungi
A kingdom of organisms that includes mushrooms, molds, and yeasts.
Two types of fungi commonly associated with food are:
Yeasts: unicellular fungi that usually go through cell division by budding. Although they are unicellular (single cell) organisms, yeasts commonly grow together in groups to break down sugar and starches. Yeasts require moist or wet environments to grow.
Molds: multi-cellular, filamentous fungi that grew very quickly by asexual reproduction. Molds need little water, but do need the right temperature and level of oxygen to grow. They prefer room or higher temperatures.

13. Definition
Parasite
An organism that lives on or in another organism often at the expense of the host organism.
Parasites
Organisms that live on or in another organism often at the expense of the host organism.
Pigs eating raw garbage
Raw or inadequate cooking
Giardia on intestinal wall (Image by S. Wade)

14. Case Notes 1.2

15. Investigation Activity 1.2

16. Investigation Activity 1.2 (cont.)

17. Escherichia coli O157:H7

18. Viral Types

19. Giardia lamblia

20. Penicillium spp.

21. Scanning Electron Micrograph of
Saccharomyces cerevisiae

22. National GAPs Program © 2007 Department of Food Science
Department of Education
Cornell University
Ithaca, NY 14853