1. Transboundary Environmental Conservation and Livelihood Creation in the proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK: Albania, Kosovo & Montenegro Presentation: Brandeis University, Graduate Program on Coexistence & Conflict Monday, March 12, 2012

2. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro Value of International Peace Parks A Multi-Track Approach to Peace Park creation The case of the proposed Balkans Peace Park Livelihood creation that fosters environmental conservation and cross border cooperation Lessons Learned Overview

3. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro International Peace Parks Parks for Peace are transboundry protected areas that are formally dedicated to the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, and of natural and associated cultural resources, and to the promotion of peace and cooperation. International Union for the Conservation of Nature, 2001.

4. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro In a world beset by conflicts and division, peace is one of the cornerstones of the future. Peace parks are a building block in this process, not only in our region, but potentially in the entire world." Dr. Nelson Mandela Source: Peace Parks Foundation www.peaceparks.org "I know of no political movement, no philosophy, no ideology, which does not agree with the peace parks concept as we see it going into fruition today. It is a concept that can be embraced by all.

5. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro Global Peaceparks: © Human Footprint - Peace Parks Foundation IUCN has identified 227 transboundary protected areas around the world. 2007.

6. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro Tool for International Diplomacy (soft entry point) Shift incentive structures away from environmental exploitation towards conservation through livelihood creation Shift away from sovereign boundary perspective towards ecosystem perspective Coordinated cross border collaboration & peacebuilding Symbol of Peace Value of International Peace Parks

7. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro

8. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro Map of the proposed Balkans Peace Park - © Balkans Peace Park Project

9. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro Photo Credit © International Peace Park Expeditions Cory Wilson

10. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro Photo Credit © International Peace Park Expeditions Cory Wilson

11. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro Photo Credit © International Peace Park Expeditions Cory Wilson

12. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro Photo Credit © International Peace Park Expeditions Cory Wilson

13. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro Photo Credit © International Peace Park Expeditions Cory Wilson

14. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro Photo Credits © International Peace Park Expeditions Cory Wilson

15. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro

16. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro Proposed Balkans Peace Park Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro Difficulty of a Track 1 Approach Relationship of newly independent Kosovo and Montenegro with Serbia UNMIK - Kosovo institutional capacity building Challenges with National Park Systems in all 3 countries

17. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro Multitrack diplomacy views the process of international peace­ building as a living system. It looks at the web of interconnected activities, individuals, institutions, and communities that operate together for a common goal: a world at peace Source: Institute for Multi-Track Diplomacy www.imtd.org www.imtd.org A Multi-Track Approach

18. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro Proposed Balkans Peace Park Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro Opportunities of a Multi-Track Approach Large Scale Infrastructure Development Letter of Good Intent - Mayors of 6 Municipalities BioDiversity - Dinaric Arc Initiative: IUCN and SNV GeoTourism - Peaks of the Balkans: GIZ (formerly GTZ) Local Action Groups - local multi-level stakeholders Local NGO Coalitions

19. Shift Incentive Structures: EcoTourism and GeoTourism Establish and enforce consistent regulations that discourage detrimental activities such as illegal logging, dumping of waste, or poaching Jobs park rangers, guides guesthouses transportation sell food, drinks, supplies, & traditional handicrafts Highly educated Jobs scientific researchers civil engineers Natural resource managers Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro Creating Livelihoods

20. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro Lessons Learned 1. Locally specific solutions identified with the local population and implemented with their support. 2. Involve and effectively coordinate a diverse range of stakeholders on multiple levels and across multiple sectors. 3. Recognize and acknowledge the power discrepancies among stakeholders. 4. Develop consistent laws and policies on an ecosystem level.

21. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro 5. Create livelihoods to shift incentive structures toward conservation and more sustainable land use (economic incentive must be great enough to generate a meaningful and measurable change in behavior, attitude, and income) 6. Balance large infrastructure projects and smaller community development projects 7. Equitable distribution of benefits, eliminate incentives for spoilers 8. Build a critical mass of people on the local, regional, national, and international levels Lessons Learned Continued

22. Presentation:Brandeis Graduate Program on Coexistence and Conflict proposed BALKANS PEACE PARK - Albania, Kosovo and Montenegro Thank You! Border Post 16 - Albania & Montenegro Todd Walters todd@peaceparkexpeditions.org