1. 3 largest psychiatric facilities in the U.S.?
L.A. County Jail
Cook County Jail (Chicago)
Riker’s Island (NYC)
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2. Defining Serious Mental Illness (SMI)
Substantial disorders of thought, perception, or mood that significantly impair an individual’s functioning
Schizophrenia
Bipolar Disorder
Depression
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3. Prevalence of SMI in the Criminal Justice System
16% of jail/prison populations have SMI (Ditton, 1999)
Approximately 50% of persons with mental illness have been arrested (Frankle et al., 2001; Solomon & Draine, 1995; Walsh & Bricourt, 1997)
Less than 1% of people with SMI ever become violent (McCampbell, 2001)
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4. Reasons for Overrepresentation of SMI in the Criminal Justice System
Historical Events
Societal Attitudes
System Failures
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5. Reasons for SMI in CJS: Historical Events
1940’s-50’s: Exposés of state hospitals
1952: Discovery of Thorazine
1963: Kennedy signs Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act
1970’s: “Imminent danger” standard of civil commitment
…Deinstitutionalization movement
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6. Reasons for SMI in CJS: Societal Attitudes
1980’s: Retributive, punitive attitudes toward CJ
Increasing fear of individuals with MI
Stigma
Myths
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7. Reasons for SMI in CJS: System Failures
Law Enforcement
Officers’ beliefs/biases about MI
MI can contribute to detection by LE
LE can’t say “no”
Easier to arrest
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8. Reasons for SMI in CJS: System Failures (cont.)
Jails/Prisons
Acute psychopathology
Conditions of incarceration
Disciplinary infractions
Use of segregation
Lack of mental health services
Psychiatric medications
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9. The full set of 123 PowerPoint slides is available upon adoption of this book. If you are a professor and you are using this book for class, please contact Beth at to request your slides.
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