1. Round Table on Environment Friendly Energy
RT-3
Round Table on Environment Friendly Energy
World Energy Council
Indian Member Committee
India Energy Congress
K.K. Gupta, ED (S, H&E), IOCL, C.O.

2. “ WE HAVE BORROWED ENVIRONMENT FOR OUR FUTURE GENERATIONS”
WE MUST PRESERVE IT

3. GDP Growth of India

4. Top Primary Energy Consuming Countries 2005
Total World Energy Consumption: mtoe
India: per capita energy consumption 351 kgoe against 1627 kgoe world average

5. Primary Commercial Energy Mix
World
World
2003
2030
10517 mtoe
18040 mtoe
CAGR: 2%
Oil & Gas continue to play major role
India
India
327 mtoe
1651 mtoe
CAGR: 6.2%
Coal & Oil continue to play major role; Gas is emerging
Source – World: EIA-2006; India: IEP 2006

6. Demand of Petroleum Products in India
Year Demand Growth Rate
MMT % * *
* Projected

7. Petroleum Activities Exploration & Production Refining Transportation
Storage & Handling
Marketing & Distribution

8. Road map for Fuel Quality improvement in India
Passenger Cars, LCV & Heavy Duty diesel vehicles
2/3 wheelers
BS-II
BS-III
Euro III Eq
BS IV
Euro IV Eq
11 Major cities
(Delhi/NCR, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad, Pune, Surat, Kanpur & Agra)
Done by
1-Apr-03
1-Apr-05
Target
1-Apr-10
Entire Country
by 1-Apr-05 By
Preferably from but not later tan
Sulphur content in ppm (max)
Fuel BS-II BS-III/Euro-III BS-IV/Euro-IV
Petrol
Diesel
Source: Auto Fuel Policy, GoI

9. Environmental Effects and Mitigation
Air
Emissions to atmosphere Mitigation
S02, NOx, SPM, Hydrocarbon, Use of low sulphur fuel & SRU
CO Tall stacks for better dispersion
3. FR Tanks for Crude and light HC
4. Low NOx burners
5. Cyclone separators in FCCU
6. PL transportation of Crude and Products
7. ENCON Measures
8. Adv. Process control Systems
9. Auto fuel Quality improvement meeting
EURO III norms

10. Environmental Effects and Mitigation
Water
Effluent Discharge Mitigation
pH, Oil, Phenol, Sulfide, TSS State of the art ETP comprising of
Physical, Chemical, Biological &
Tertiary Treatment Techniques
2. Reduction of effluent generation at
source
3. Reuse of treated effluent
4. Oil Spill Response facilities
Towards zero effluent

11. Environmental Effects and Mitigation
Solid Wastes
Sludge Management Mitigation
Oily Sludge, Chemical Sludge Oil Recovery from sludge
Bio sludge Side entry mixers in crude and
heavy product tanks
3.Secured land fill
4. Bio remediation of oily sludge
5. H2O2 & wet air oxidation
treatment for spent caustic
treatment
6. Use of Bio sludge in plantation

12. Environmental Effects and Mitigation
Green House Gases
Mitigation
CO2, CH CDM projects for CO2
sequestration
2. Efficiency improvement
3. Use of renewable sources of energy

13. Alternate Environment Friendly Fuels

14. NEED FOR ALTERNTIVE FUELS
DEPLETION OF NATURAL RESOURCES
MAJOR OIL DISRUPTIONS
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS
LONG TERM AVAILIBILTY
RENEWABLE
RURAL DEVELPMENT
FOREX SAVINGS
INCREASE IN PRIMARY ENERGY SUP

15. TYPES OF ALTERNATE FUELS
NATURAL GASES
BIO FUELS
CNG.
LNG.
LPG
H-CNG
BIO DIESEL,
METHANOL
ETHANOL

16. COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS - CNG
MOST WIDELY USED FORMS OF ENERGY
REDUCED EMISSION OF AIRBORNE TOXINS
CNG MARKET
PERFORMANCE
STABILITY
CNG VEHICLES IN INDIA

17. LNG

18. Vehicle Revolution…..India Cars & 2 Wheelers/1000 of Population

19. Local Issue-What Delhi has achieved
On Fuel Quality
Introduced low sulphur fuels with 1% Benzene. Mandated pre-mix petrol to two and three wheelers.
On Vehicle technology
Enforced EURO II emission standards in 2000, five years ahead of schedule and EURO III in 2005
On alternative fuels
Implemented largest ever CNG programme – more than 100,000 CNG vehicles in one city within a span of 5 years
Largest ever public transport bus fleet on clean fuels – 10,600 CNG buses
Other cross cutting policy measures
Improved air quality monitoring
Strengthened vehicle inspection programme
Efforts made to bypass transit traffic
Set up independent fuel testing laboratories to check fuel adulteration

20. AUTO LPG –Salient features
AUTO LPG is safe ,cheaper and has no logistics problem.

21. Comparative characteristics2
Vol %
Benzene
Less than 5 50
500
100
ppm
Sulphur Content
-162 Deg C 25
35.9
32.5
Mj/l
Calorific Value
-162
Deg C
0.54
0.845
0.775
Kg/l
Liquid Density
120(Plus) 88 NA
85.2
MON
Motor Octane NO
CNG
Auto LPG
Diesel
Petrol
Unit
Properties
Characteristics indicate better performance & emissions
Of Gaseous fuels

22. Comparative Emissions
100
Poly-Aromatic hydrocarbons
700 50
Particulates 8 5
Benzene,Toluene,Xylene
1000
Nitrogen Dioxide(NO2) 35
Carbon Monoxide
Diesel
LP Gas
Gasoline
Pollutant
100 50 45
Global warming potential 87 89
LPG on over all parameters has potential in reducing
Pollution & Can improve urban air quality

23. Suggestions
Providing reliable, affordable, economically viable, socially acceptable and environmentally sound energy services e.g. Encourage use of LPG/CNG
Use of energy efficient gas stoves
Optimal & Efficient use of energy in Industry
Incentive for ENCON measures
Adopting proven environment friendly technologies e.g. CCRU, DHDS, DHDT, MSQU, SRU (99.9% conversion)
Provide mass transport system in big cities
Incentive for industries excelling the statutory norms
Intensify R&D efforts for solar energy and Hydrogen and other renewable energies

24. Thanks