1. Rhys Howell Group B 24th February 2005
Solar Projections
Rhys Howell
Group B
24th February 2005

2. The UK’s Solar Resource
900kwh/m²/year in Scotland
In the SW over 1200kwh/m²/year
30 degree angle is best

3. Types of Solar Energy
Solar Thermal
Photovoltaic
Passive Solar

4. Assumptions Average UK solar irradiation = 1000kwh/m²/year
Solar thermal is 25% efficient (Luton)
PV is 9% efficient (Southampton)
Panels cost £1000/m²

5. Assumptions 22 000 000 houses ¼ suitable for solar panels
new homes each year
Average Daily Hot Water (DHW) use is 170 litres
Water enters at 10ºC and is drawn off at 55 ºC

6. Solar Thermal House requires 3.25 Mwh/year for heating water
5m² panel can provide 1.25 Mwh/year
Solar fraction = 38%
Installing 5m² panel on all new houses would cost £775 million
Provide 0.05PJ/year for 25 years
£576 million per PJ

7. Thermal Uptake Starting from 2006 every new house has solar thermal.
2010 = 0.25PJ
2015 = 0.50PJ
2020 = 0.75PJ
2030 = 1.25PJ
Converting 3% of existing south facing houses each year would double these figures.

8. PV Panel output 2.5m²=225kwh/year 5m²= 450kwh/year 10m²=900kwh/year
Installing 20m² on all new houses would:
Provide PJ a year for 25 years
Cost £3.1 billion a year
£1.6 billion per PJ

9. PV Uptake Starting from 2006 every new house has 20m² PV.
2010 = PJ
2015 = 0.775PJ
2020 = PJ
2030 = PJ
Converting 3% of existing south facing houses each year would double these figures.

10. Meeting the Renewables Obligation
A 20m² PV panel on every new house would produce 0.279Twh/year
If this was done for the 5 years then 4% of the RO in 2010 could be generated at a cost of £12.4 billion

11. Workforce It takes 2 workers 2 days to retrofit solar panels
3% of houses represents buildings.
900 houses every 2 days.
1800 workers

12. GO Solar