1. Chapter 8.3 and 8.4
Acids and Bases

2. Acids Produce hydronium ions (H3O+) Properties sour taste electrolytes
corrosive (reactivity with metals)
react with indicators
Used to make fertilizers

3. Common acids Sulfuric H2SO4 Phosphoric H3PO4 Nitric HNO3
Hydrochloric HCl
Carbonic H2CO3
Acetic CH3COOH

5. Acids Acids ionize in solution Red litmus paper stays red
Blue litmus paper turns red
Acids are defined as proton donors

7. Bases Used to make fertilizers Produce hydroxide ions (OH-) Properties
most crystalline solids
Slippery, bitter taste
corrosive
electrolytes
react with indicators
Used to make fertilizers

8. Common Bases Aluminum Hydroxide Al(OH)3 Calcium Hydroxide Ca(OH)2
Magnesium Hydroxide Mg(OH)2
Sodium Hydroxide NaOH
Ammonia NH3

9. Bases Bases dissociate in solution Red litmus paper turns blue
Blue litmus paper stays blue
Phenolphthalein is an indicator that turns pink in a base
Bases are defined as proton acceptors

10. pH is the Measure of the amount of H3O+ ion

12. Strong versus Weak Strong Acid ionize almost completely
pH range of 0—3
Weak Acid
ionize only slightly
pH range of 3.0—

13. Strong versus Weak Strong Base dissociate almost completely
pH range of 11—14
Weak Base
dissociate only slightly
pH range of 7.1—11

14. Neutralization Reactions
Reaction between an acid and a base
Products are a salt and water
Acid + Base  Salt + Water
HCl + NaOHNaCl + H2O

15. Neutralization Reactions
Salts are formed between an element in group 1A and in 7A
Salts are formed between a metal and a polyatomic ion

16. Common Salts Sodium chloride NaCl Sodium Carbonate Na2CO3
Potassium Chloride KCl
Potassium Iodide KI
Calcium Carbonate CaCO3

17. Soaps, Detergents, Ester
Soaps – made of fatty acid and inorganic base, Saponification is the process of making soap
Detergent – organic salts, does not form scum in hard water (hard water contains Ca, Mg, and Fe)
Ester – organic compound formed by the reaction of an organic acid with an alcohol, responsible for odors and flavors

18. Acids and Bases Lab working in groups of 3 (2 groups per table)
Each group will need 7 pH paper strips and you will rip them in half to test the 14 substances
One person from each group will take a picture of the color key on the pH strips
Each table will receive a box with all substances in labeled cups that will be shared
Each group of three should test each substance and have their own data recorded on ONE lab paper
Once predictions are finished, start the lab!

19. On lab paper, please change…
Acids and Bases Lab
On lab paper, please change…
Shampoo  HAND SANITIZER
Sour Candy  VEGETABLE OIL
Mountain Dew  SPRITE
For each group of three, please take SEVEN pH strips (you will tear them in half to test all 14 substances)
One person in each group also needs to take a picture of the color key on the pH strip box

20. Review Stations Station 1: Naming / Writing Ionic Compounds
Station 2: Bonding Review
Station 3: Balancing Challenge
Station 4: Solubility wkst
Station 5: Review Kahoot