1. Long Term Causes of the Civil War

2. State’s Rights -Federalism
-different levels/multiple governments in order to give more localized decision making power
-10th Amendment
-all powers not given to the federal government are reserved for the states and people.

3. Slavery -pro-slavery – the South -anti-slavery – the North
-opposed growth of slavery (in the west)
Might bring slave labor into direct competition with free labor-or people that worked for wages
- Threatened to reduce the status of white workers, who could not compete with slaves

4. Nullification PROBLEMS:
-Sedition Acts
-Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions
-Tariff laws
1828 Tariff Crisis in SC
-Slavery issues
-southern threats to nullify any anti-slavery laws

5. -industrial north -agricultural south
Sectionalism
-issues become more and more regional in nature
-slavery, tariffs, economics
-industrial north
Farm equipment, guns, 20,000 miles of R.R., Telegraph wires for communication, more people
-agricultural south
Using mostly rivers for transportation, few immigrants, states with more blacks than whites

6. Compromise of 1820 -kept balance of free vs. slave states
-drew a line to determine the future areas of slavery
-solved the slavery debate for about 20 years

7. Compromise of 1850
-Wilmot Proviso tried to block slavery in old Mexican areas but is defeated in Congress
-California applies for statehood and would:
Enter as a free state= Outraged the South since most of the state lay south of the 1820 Compromise line
debate begins and Clay organizes compromise….

8. COMPROMISE OF 1850:
1.) California admitted as free state
2.) South gets stronger Fugitive law – allowed the South to reclaim runaway slaves in the North
3.) Popular Sovereignty to help decide future cases of slavery
The people will vote

9. Underground Railroad
*was neither underground nor a railroad
-network of anti-slavery advocates who helped slaves escape
-many early attempts at escape relied on luck
-many times slaves needed to get to Canada to be totally free b/c of the Fugitive Slave law
-Harriet Tubman
Most famous conductor, leading 300 to freedom

10. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VsY2nWGkzfY -12 Years a Slave
Fugitive Slave Law
-allowed slave catchers to go into free areas and capture runaway slaves
-made it a crime to help any runaway, $1000 fine or imprisonment
- $10 for every returned slave
-suspected slaves need not be given a trial or a chance to testify