1. CD4+ T Cell Activation and Vascular Normalization: Two Sides of the Same Coin? 
Michele De Palma, Rakesh K. Jain 
Immunity 
Volume 46, Issue 5, Pages (May 2017)
DOI: /j.immuni
Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1 CD4+ T Cells Regulate Vascular Normalization in Tumors
Tian et al. (2017) show that abnormal tumor vasculature in experimental mammary tumors is associated with hypoxia, immunosuppression, and metastasis (left). The adoptive transfer of CD4+ T cells, or ICB by a combination of anti-PD1 and -CTLA4 antibodies, increases tumor infiltration by CD4+ T cells, which mostly localize around the tumor blood vessels. In turn, the CD4+ T cells normalize the blood vessels, attenuating tumor hypoxia (right). Conversely, the genetic elimination of pericytes, CD4+ T cells, or MHC-II reinstates abnormal vasculature, hypoxia, and metastasis in the tumors (right to left). Schematic modified with permission from Huang et al. (2013).
Immunity  , DOI: ( /j.immuni )
Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions