1. Brain Tumor Lab Dr. Mamlook El Maghraby
اسم ورقم المقرر – Course Name and No.
5/31/2019

2. Cerebellum and brainstem, pilocytic astrocytoma – Gross, horizontal section 
This is an example of a pilocytic astrocytoma, an astrocytic neoplasm that is classified separately from the infiltrating astrocytic tumors discussed previously. These neoplasms are often cystic, as in this case, and are more common in children than adults.
A pilocytic astrocytoma: Section of cerebellum and brain stem showing a cystic neoplasm, with mural nodule.

3. Astrocytoma (WHO Grade II) - Gross, coronal section
Brain, astrocytoma - Gross, coronal section
This image illustrates the gross appearance of a well-differentiated infiltrating astrocytoma involving the right thalamus
Astrocytoma (WHO Grade II) - Gross, coronal section
This image illustrates the gross appearance of a well-differentiated infiltrating astrocytoma involving the right thalamus

4. Brain, glioblastoma - Gross, coronal section
This image illustrates the gross appearance of a glioblastoma. The cut surface of the tumor shows areas of yellow discoloration, corresponding to areas of necrosis. Although the lesion appears to be somewhat circumscribed grossly, this tumor widely infiltrates the adjacent brain and often crosses the corpus callosum to involve the opposite hemisphere
Glioblastoma (WHO grade IV):The cut surface of the tumor shows areas of yellow discoloration, corresponding to areas of necrosis. This tumor widely infiltrates the adjacent brain and often crosses the corpus callosum to involve the opposite hemisphere

5. Ependymoma. Photograph of an autopsy specimen sectioned through the level of the fourth ventricle shows a soft, friable heterogeneous mass (arrows) within the fourth ventricle. Scattered areas of hemorrhage are noted
Ependymoma. Photograph of an autopsy specimen sectioned through the level of the fourth ventricle shows a soft, friable, papillary heterogeneous mass (arrows) within the fourth ventricle

6. Cerebellum and brainstem, medulloblastoma – Gross, sagittal section 
The last form of primary CNS tumor to be considered in this group is the medulloblastoma, a neoplasm composed of primitive, pleuripotential cells, likely originating from the external granular cell layer of the cerebellum. The tumor in this image replaces much of the cerebellum, compresses the fourth ventricle, and distorts the brainstem.
Medulloblastoma: a neoplasm composed of primitive, pleuripotential cells, likely originating from the external granular cell layer of the cerebellum. The tumor in this image replaces much of the cerebellum, compresses the fourth ventricle, and distorts the brainstem.

7. Morphology
Gross: Meningiomas are usually rounded encapsulated masses with well-defined dural bases Tumor mass compress underlying brain but are easily separated from it

8. Brain, meningioma – Gross, coronal section
It is attached to the dura mater, and tend to displace adjacent brain parenchyma. The tumor illustrated here was presented as a circumscribed, parasagittal mass.
Meningioma: It is attached to the dura mater, and tend to displace adjacent brain parenchyma. The tumor illustrated here was presented as a circumscribed, parasagittal mass.

9. THANKS