1. Chapter 21
The Pual

2. Pual Qal Niphal Piel Simple active Simple passive – reflexive Pual
Factitive active
Pual
Factitive passive

3. Pual Exegetical significance
Piel – The subject causes a state of being
Pual – The subject is caused to enter a state of being

4. Pual Exegetical significance – Examples
Piel – God made Abraham righteous
Pual – The flax and barley were ruined (Exod 9:31)

5. Pual Exegetical Significance
If a verb is stative in the qal, then it will normally be factitive in the piel-pual

6. Pual Conjugation – Recognition Keys
THE KEY KEY!!!!
STRONG DAGESH IN THE 2ND ROOT LETTER
However, in both the piel and pual, the dagesh is occasionally omitted

7. Pual Conjugation – Recognition Keys
Perfect – Qibbuts under the 1st root

8. Pual Conjugation – Recognition Keys
Imprfct – Shewa under prefix (same as piel); qibbuts under 1st letter

9. Pual Conjugation – Recognition Keys
Imperative – Doesn’t exist in the pual

10. Pual Conjugation – Recognition Keys
Participle – prefixed מ; pointed like imperfect (same as piel)

11. Pual Conjugation – Recognition Keys
Infinitive construct and absolute – holem above 2nd root, qibbuts under 1st root

12. Bottom Line
Pual – Normally factitive passive – subject is brought into a state of being
Pual recognition keys for each kind of verb – Perfect, imperfect, imperative, participle, infinitive construct, infinitive absolute
THE KEY KEY! – Strong dagesh in the 2nd root

13. Exercise 21 #1

14. Exercise 21 #2

15. Exercise 21 #3

16. Exercise 21 #3 (cont’d)

17. Parsing
אָֽמְרוּ
Qal-Perfect-3cp

18. Parsing
תִּנָּשֶׂאנָה
Niphal-Impf-3fp/2fp

19. Parsing
אָכ֖וֹל
Qal-Inf abs

20. Parsing
יְבֻקַּ֞ש
Pual-Impfct-3ms

21. Parsing
בֵּרַ֣כְתִּי
Piel-Perfect-1cs

22. Parsing
מְבֻקָּעָֽה
Pual-Ptc-Fem-Sg