1. ( )

2. economically, politically, and socially (direct officials)
Imperialism – domination of another country/region
economically, politically, and socially
Colony – territory that a foreign power rules directly
(direct officials)
Protectorate – territory with own gov., but guided by foreign power
Sphere of Influence – territory in which an imperial
power has exclusive investment/ trading rights

3. Political Rivalries/Competition
*New Markets/Trading Routes/Resources*
Religion
Territory

4. Great empires and small villages
1000+ languages
Many Religions
Indigenous, Islam, Christianity, Shamanism, Animism
Great empires and small villages

5. Europeans stick to
coastline
Portuguese, Dutch, France, Britain
Interior remains “unexplored”
Curiosity excites Europe
David Livingstone (UK)
Henry Stanley (UK)

6. Europeans provide sugar, alcohol, and firearms
Africans provide labor (slaves), ivory, gold
1967- Diamonds are
discovered

7. Resources and Competition
Free for all land grab
Fuel Industrialization = progress
New countries want in
Belgium & Germany

9. Resources White Man’s Burden
Gold, diamonds, timber, land, labor, trade routes/markets, iron, copper, coal, ivory, oils, rubber, cotton, cacao beans
Fuel industrialization (Industrial Revolution)
White Man’s Burden
To civilize (Social Darwinism)

10. What can you infer will happen to these native groups?

11. So What Happened?
Met in Germany to decide how to divide Africa into colonies and territories

13. Called by King Leopold II of Belgium
Berlin, Germany
Nov Nov. 1885
Rising Tensions in Africa
Gathering of European leaders to decide how to divide Africa
“Great African Cake”

14. Britain
France
Germany
Portugal
Spain
Italy
Belgium
Holland
Who is missing?

16. Powers could hold colonies only if they actually possessed them
treaties with local leaders
flew their flag
established a police force to maintain order
Colonial power also had to make use of the
colony economically
If not done, another power could do so and take over the territory

17. Europe is much more “civilized”; it is their job to show Africa how to speak and behave White Man’s Burden
Take control of resource deposits
Colonies soon began making economic decisions for the tribes
Eventually, colonies oversee politics as well

18. “If you can establish control, its yours”
Berlin, Germany
No Africans present
“If you can establish control, its yours”
Africa gets caught in the Dependency Theory
 economically
Eliminates African self-governance

19. Colonies consisted of various ethnic groups; some
hostile to each other
Lose self-governance and control of homeland
Adopt a blend of European and African culture
European languages and cultures last
Creates roots to WWI