1. GENES & INHERITANCE
Review PPT

2. Alleles, polygenic, phenotype, genotype, dominant, recessive, Punnett squares, pedigree, incomplete dominance, co-dominance, multiple alleles, (blood types), sex-linked traits

3. This is the scientific study of heredity.
GENETICS

4. This person is considered the Father of Genetics
Gregor Mendel

5. Mendel’s experiments What did Mendel work with? Pea plants
Why are they good to be used in genetics?
1) easy to grow
2) produce lots of offspring
3) have a short life span
4) have many traits in one of two contrasting form, like tall and short plants

6. What is it called when genes come in different forms?
Alleles

7. These are factors found on chromosomes that determine specific traits.
Genes

8. Single genes determining single traits
A gene that masks another gene.
Dominant gene
[characterized by a capital letter]
What is a gene that is masked by a dominant gene?
Recessive gene
[characterized by a lowercase letter]

9. Single genes determining single traits
This is a way to show possible allele combinations of offspring.
Punnett squares
G is dominant for green pea pods.
g is recessive for yellow pods.

10. Punnett squares Homozygous dominant Homozygous recessive Heterozygous
both genes are dominant AA
Homozygous recessive
both genes are recessive aa
Heterozygous
one dominant and one recessive gene Aa

11. Punnett Squares What is genetic makeup? Genotype
What is physical appearance or the traits expressed?
Phenotype

12. Most cases of genetics
Traits of different genes on different chromosomes.
Polygenic traits
[does not follow single gene rules]

13. This is chart to show traits are passed down through generations
This is chart to show traits are passed down through generations. Usually to show the transmission of a genetic problem.
Pedigree

14. This is a case where neither gene is totally dominant over another
This is a case where neither gene is totally dominant over another. Or neither allele is dominant. Or both are dominant. Heterozygous creates a blend.
Incomplete dominance

15. This is where both dominant alleles are expressed in some way.
Codominance

16. This is a case where there are many genes for a trait.
Multiple alleles
A is dominant
B is dominant
A and B are codominant
O is recessive

17. These are genes carried on the X-chromosomes of the sex chromosomes, but not the Y.
Sex-linked inheritance

18. What is a called when a person contains the gene for a trait, but does not present it? [the person is heterozygous]
Carrier