1. Effect of Antihypertensive Agents on the Development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 
Craig S. Stump, MD, PhD, Marc T. Hamilton, PhD, James R. Sowers, MD 
Mayo Clinic Proceedings 
Volume 81, Issue 6, Pages (June 2006)
DOI: /
Copyright © 2006 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research Terms and Conditions

2. FIGURE 1
Potential mechanisms by which the renin-angiotensin system affects insulin sensitivity and glucose transport in skeletal muscle tissue. ACE-I = angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; Akt = protein kinase B; Ang = angiotensin; aPKC = atypical protein kinase C; ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker; AT1R = angiotensin receptor 1; GLUT4 = insulin-sensitive glucose transporter 4; GS = glycogen synthase; GSK3 = glycogen synthase kinase 3; IRS = insulin receptor substrate; NO = nitric oxide; O2− = superoxide anion; PI3K = phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase; PPARγ = peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ.
Mayo Clinic Proceedings  , DOI: ( / )
Copyright © 2006 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research Terms and Conditions