1. Opening Activity
Create a pro’s and cons list for each of the five metabolism types.

2. Cell Division
SEPTEMBER 28, 2010

3. Note-taking Preview Hierarchy of organization Copying DNA
Division
Copying DNA
Mitosis, Meiosis
Phases
Specialization
General vs. Specialized
Examples
Types
Uni vs. Multicellular, Eukaryote and Prokaryote Features

4. DNA Hierarchy of Organization
Smallest unit
Comes in “A,T,G,C” for DNA and “A,U,G,C” for RNA
Nucleic Acid
A group of 3 nucleic acids, which codes for a certain amino acid
Codon
Forms double helix shape
A-T or A-U and G-C pairings only
DNA Strand
Enough information to code for one or more traits.
Gene
Multiple genes organized into a long chain.
Chromosomes are paired in an ordinary cell.
Human cells have 23 pairs.
Chromosome

5. Which stores the most information?
Gene
Chromosome
DNA Strand
Nucleic Acid
Nucleus
Codon

6. What is the correct match for the DNA code ATTGAC?
CAGTTA
CGGTCA
TAACTG
UAACUG
None of the above

7. Which is the correct match for the RNA code UCCGAU
ACCGUA
TCCGTT
AGGCUA
UAGCCU
None of the above

8. How many amino acid pieces will a piece of mRNA “UGCAUACGGAUU” code for?12 3 6 24 36
None of the above

9. What’s in the Nucleus
Reference:

10. Copying DNA
DNA’s double helix structure ‘unzips’. Specially shaped proteins do both the unzipping and matching-up.
Each DNA molecule finds a match floating around in the nucleus’ cytoplasm. T matches A, G matches C.

11. Cell Division 1 Individual genes of DNA can be copied into mRNA.
All DNA on a chromosome is copied before the cell divides. Now instead of one pair (times 23) of chromosomes, we have two pairs (times 23).
The chromosomes are copied.
The cell’s nuclear membrane disappears.
Two organelles called centrioles make cytoskeleton-like threads that pull half of the chromosomes toward each end of the cell.
The cell membrane pinches off in the middle, breaking the parent cell into two daughter cells.
New nuclear membranes form around each set of chromosomes.
The cells each grow back up to full size and resume their normal duties.

12. Cell Division 2: Mitosis
Mitosis is the ‘normal’ version.
Chromosomes get copied, so you have the same number after as before.
The process is broken into stages called:
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

13. Cell Division 3: Meiosis
Meiosis is the reproductive version i.e. produces sex cells such as sperm and ova (unfertilized eggs).
The chromosomes get copied once, but the cells divide twice for a total of four cells with half of the original chromosome number.

14. Practice Compare and contrast meiosis and mitosis.
List a sequence of steps that cells use to reproduce.

15. Warmup
Create a practice diagram of mitosis and meiosis. Label your diagrams with the names of phases as well as a brief description.
“I painted my antelope’s tongue.”

16. Cell Specialization General Cell:
Stem cell – not specialized at all… can become anything! Found in bone marrow, embryo’s.
Specialized Cells:
Nerve cell – grows long tendrils, has extra endocytosis channels to move electrically charged ions around.
Muscle cell – Multiple nucleus and extremely long length, extra mitochondria and special proteins which can contract.
Cheek cell – smooth, flat, and replaced very quickly due to frequent damage
Blood cell – no nucleus, missing organelles, hemoglobin protein w/ iron allows it to transport gases, cannot reproduce itself.

17. Cell Types Unicellular Multicellular Eukaryote Animal Eukaryote Plant
Eukaryote Fungi
Prokaryote Bacteria