1. The Modern Organization in the Global, Web-Based Environment
CHAPTER 1
The Modern Organization in the Global, Web-Based Environment

2. CHAPTER OUTLINE
1.1 Business Processes and Business Process Management 1.2 Information Systems: Concepts and Definitions 1.3 The Global, Web-Based Platform 1.4 Business Pressures, Organizational Responses, and IT Support 1.5 Why Are Information Systems Important to You? 1.6 The Plan of the Book

3. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Describe business processes and discuss business process management
Differentiate among data, information, and knowledge
Differentiate between information technology infrastructure and information technology architecture

4. LEARNING OBJECTIVES (continued)
Describe the global business environment and the new information technology infrastructure
Discuss the relationships among business pressures, organizational responses, and information systems

5. Chapter Opening Case
Moai on Rapa Nui

6. Homo Conexus You are the most connected generation in history
You practice continuous computing
You are surrounded by a personal, movable information network

7. Personal movable information network
And…..laptop in briefcase!

8. 1.1 Business Processes
Business Process
Business Process Management

9. Example of Business Process (Figure 1.1)
The next slide shows an example of a business process: Ordering an E-ticket from an airline Web site

10. Frequent Flyer Mileage Sufficient?
Receive Ticket Order
Traveler
Airline Web Site
Seats Available NO
Notify Traveler
Plan Trip
YES
Reserve Seats
Check Flights NO
Frequent Flyer Mileage Sufficient?
Use Credit Card? NO
Seats Available? NO
YES
YES
Charge Credit Card
YES
Subtract Mileage
Submit Ticket Order
Charge OK? NO
Notify Traveler
Receive e-Ticket
YES
Confirm Flight(s)
Issue e-Ticket

11. 1.2 Information Systems: Concepts and Definitions
Data Item Information Knowledge

12. Information Systems: Concepts and Definitions (continued)
Information Technology Architecture
Information Technology Infrastructure

13. 1.3 The Global, Web-Based Platform
Best represented by the Internet and the World Wide Web
Enables us to connect, compute, communicate, collaborate, and compete everywhere and anytime
Operates without regard to geography, time, distance, and language

14. The Stages of Globalization (From Thomas Friedman in The World is Flat)
Globalization 1.0 (from 1492 to 1800)
Globalization 2.0 (from 1800 to 2000)
Globalization 3.0 (from 2000 to the present)

15. Globalization 1.0
Christopher Columbus

16. Globalization 2.0 (first half)
Railroads
Steam engine

17. Globalization 2.0 (second half)
Satellites
Fiber optics
OpenMoko open source smart phone
Netbook

18. Globalization 3.0
3.0
2.0
1.0

19. Globalization 3.0 (continued)
Schematic Map of the Internet

20. Thomas Friedman’s Ten Flatteners
Fall of the Berlin Wall
Netscape goes public
Development of work-flow software
Uploading
Outsourcing
Offshoring
Supply Chaining
Insourcing
Informing
The Steroids

21. The Great Convergence
We are in a convergence of three powerful, technological forces: (1) Cheap and ubiquitous computing devices (2) Low-cost, high bandwidth (3) Open standards

22. The Great Convergence (continued)
In essence, we have computing everywhere and anywhere, anytime and all the time, with access to limitless amounts of information, services, and entertainment.

23. The Great Convergence (continued)
We have the creation of a global, Web-enabled playing field that allows for multiple forms of collaboration – the sharing of knowledge and work – in real time, without regard to geography, distance, or, in the near future, even language. The field now includes some 3 billion new people, formerly digitally disenfranchised.

24. 1.4 Business Pressures, Organizational Responses, and IT Support
Market Pressures
Technology Pressures
Societal Pressures

25. Market Pressures The Global Economy and Strong Competition
The Changing Nature of the Workforce
Powerful Customers

26. Technology Pressures Technological Innovation and Obsolescence
Information Overload

27. Technological Innovation and Obsolescence
Innovation: Early calculator
Obsolescence: Slide Rule
Innovation: Telegraph
Obsolescence: Pony Express
Innovation: iPod nano
Obsolescence: old phonograph
Innovation: digital camera
Obsolescence: old analog camera
Innovation: “Credit card” digital camera
Innovation: Ford Model T
Obsolescence: Horse and Buggy
Innovation: Notebook computer with word processing software
Obsolescence: Manual typewriter

28. Societal Pressures Social Responsibility
Government Regulation and Deregulation
Protection Against Terrorist Attacks
Ethical Issues

29. Green IT

30. Social Responsibility
Bridging the digital divide:
One laptop per child initiative
Internet over satellite in developing nations
Youth computer club in Cuba

31. Microlenders (IT’s About Business 1.2)

32. Organizational Responses
Strategic Systems
Customer Focus
Make-to-Order and mass customization
E-business and E-commerce

33. 1.5 Why Are Information Systems Important to You?
Information systems and information technologies are integral to your lives
Information systems offer career opportunities
Information systems are used by all functional areas in an organization

34. Build Your Own Multinational (IT’s About Business 1.4)

35. Misinformation about Information Systems Career Opportunities
Myth #1: There are no computing jobs.
Myth #2: There will be no IT jobs when I graduate.
Myth #3: All IT-related jobs are moving offshore.
Myth #4: IT salaries are lower due to cheap overseas labor.

36. 1.6 The Plan of This Book
The major objective of this book is to help you understand the roles of information technologies in today’s digital organizations.
The book is designed to help you think strategically about information systems
The book demonstrates how IT supports all of the functional areas of the organization
Each chapter introduces a major topic in Information Technology