2. Chemistry Part 2

3. A. Kinetic Molecular Theory
KMT
Tiny, constantly moving particles make up all matter.
The kinetic energy (motion) of these particles increases as temperature increases.

4. States of Matter Solids
low KE - particles vibrate but can’t move around
definite shape & volume

5. States of Matter Liquids
higher KE - particles can move around but are still close together
indefinite shape
definite volume

6. States of Matter
Gases
high KE - particles can separate and move throughout container
indefinite shape & volume

7. Chemical Reactions
In a chemical reaction substances rearrange atoms to form new substances

8. Chemical Reactions

9. Chemical Reactions Reactants- are on the left of the arrow
Products-are on the right of the arrow
Law of Conservation of Mass-Matter cannot be destroyed nor created.

10. Activation Energy
Most chemical reactions need energy to start, that energy is called activation energy

11. Catalysts and Enzymes
Certain chemical substances will speed up a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy
Biological catalysts are called enzymes

12. Enzymes

13. What Are Enzymes? Most enzymes are Proteins
Act as Catalyst to accelerates a reaction
Not permanently changed in the process

14. Enzymes Are specific for what they will catalyze Are Reusable
End in –ase
-Sucrase
-Lactase
-Maltase

15. Enzyme-Substrate Complex
The substance (reactant) an enzyme acts on is the substrate
Enzyme
Joins
Substrate

16. Active Site
A restricted region of an enzyme molecule which binds to the substrate.
It fits like a lock and key
Active Site
Enzyme
Substrate

17. Enzyme Substrate Complex

18. Factors that can effect enzyme rate
Temperature pH
Cofactors or coenzymes
inhibitors

19. Questions?
“A positive attitude causes a chain reaction of positive thoughts, events and outcomes. It is a catalyst and it sparks extraordinary results.”