1. Femoral vein valvuloplasty: Intraoperative angioscopic evaluation and hemodynamic improvement 
Harold J. Welch, MD, Robert L. McLaughlin, RVT, Thomas F. O'Donnell, MD 
Journal of Vascular Surgery 
Volume 16, Issue 5, Pages (November 1992)
DOI: / (92)90223-U
Copyright © 1992 Society for Vascular Surgery and the North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

2. Fig. 1
Quantitative duplex scan of venous reflux in popliteal vein. Cuff is inflated to predesignated pressure (see text), and after short pause cuff is rapidly deflated.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( / (92)90223-U)
Copyright © 1992 Society for Vascular Surgery and the North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

3. Fig. 2
Angioscope is inserted through tributary or stump of previously ligated greater saphenous vein into superficial femoral vein. Diagnosis of valvular incompetence is made, valve is repaired, and competency of repair is assessed through angioscope.
Journal of Vascular Surgery  , DOI: ( / (92)90223-U)
Copyright © 1992 Society for Vascular Surgery and the North American Chapter, International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery Terms and Conditions