1. Do Now Go get a study guide on the BACK TABLE. Copy the HW:
Holocaust study guide due next Thursday
Holocaust test next Friday
Go get a study guide on the BACK TABLE.

2. Resistance
Resistance was an act of great courage and strength when people refused to accept or obey someone or something.
In this case, people showed resistance against the Nazis in a number of different ways.
It was extremely dangerous for people to resist Nazi control because they were still under German law.
To resist the Nazis would be to break the law, which some people are just not able to do.

3. Examples:
Active/armed resistance was acts of opposition, defiance, or the sabotage of Nazi plans using weapons, battles, attacks, or similar physical acts.

4. Examples:
Bombing Nazi office, camp, or train
Using weapons against Nazi soldiers
“slowdown strike”
Sabotage
Partisan group
Active/armed resistance was acts of opposition, defiance, or the sabotage of Nazi plans using weapons, battles, attacks, or similar physical acts.

5. Cultural/Spiritual resistance was acts of opposition that used cultural traditions and spiritual bonding to challenge Nazi power and inspire Jewish hope.
For most Jews, this was the only form of resistance possible.
Examples:

6. Cultural/Spiritual resistance was acts of opposition that used cultural traditions and spiritual bonding to challenge Nazi power and inspire Jewish hope.
For most Jews, this was the only form of resistance possible.
Examples:
creating schools in the ghetto
Continuing religious customs/ceremonies
Writing poems/songs
Keeping records of ghetto or camp life

8. Discussion 1. What were Jews resisting during the Holocaust?
2. There were many examples of Jewish resistance during the Holocaust even though the risks of opposing the Nazis were extremely dangerous. List some reasons why most people could not resist.

9. Discussion 1. What were Jews resisting during the Holocaust?
The Nazis, isolation, dehumanization, starvation, and death
2. There were many examples of Jewish resistance during the Holocaust even though the risks of opposing the Nazis were extremely dangerous. List some reasons why most people could not resist.
Hunger, sickness, isolation, lack of weapons, caring for family members

10. TESTIMONY
DIRECTIONS: As you watch the testimony of Mr. Kent, respond to the following questions:
1. What are some specific examples of resistance Mr. Kent shares?
2. Mr. Kent says, “sometimes the easiest resistance is with a gun and a bullet.” What do you think he means by this statement?
3. Mr. Kent wants people to understand that yes, Jews did resist the Nazis during the Holocaust in many ways. Why do you think he feels it is important for people to understand this?

11. 1. What are some specific examples of resistance Mr. Kent shares?
“Slowdown strike.” They would purposely make less weapons for the Germans in the factories.
Teaching in the ghetto
2. Mr. Kent says, “sometimes the easiest resistance is with a gun and a bullet.” What do you think he means by this statement?
An armed resistance might not accomplish much. Other types of resistance gives people the will to continue to live and fight.
3. Mr. Kent wants people to understand that yes, Jews did resist the Nazis during the Holocaust in many ways. Why do you think he feels it is important for people to understand this?
So that people do not think the Jews just stood by and let this happen to them.

12. Testimony
4. How does Helen Fagin say she resisted the Nazis during the Holocaust?
5. What purpose does Gone with the Wind serve in Helen’s class?

13. Testimony
4. How does Helen Fagin say she resisted the Nazis during the Holocaust?
She taught other girls school in the ghetto: geography, vocab.
5. What purpose does Gone with the Wind serve in Helen’s class?
To help the children “escape” from reality, to dream about a place far away from there.

14. Armed Resistance
In over one hundred ghettos underground organizations were formed in order to fight using armed weapons against the Nazis.
Active resistance occurred in many forms, from armed struggles to hiding and escaping from the ghettos.
These organizations faced many problems, including sneaking weapons into the ghetto, training people to fight under ghetto conditions, etc.

16. Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
The most famous ghetto revolt was the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising in 1943.
Just as the Nazis were about to begin a second round of deportation from the ghetto to the concentration camps, over 750 young Jewish fighters fought the Nazis (over 2,000 of them) for 27 days.
The Nazis eventually decided to burn down the ghetto house by house.
Many fighters escaped, but many did not.

17. In several concentration camps many Jewish prisoners attempted to revolt against the Nazis.
All of these uprisings were brutally put down, and only a small number of prisoners managed to escape.

18. Think, Pair, Share
What is one thing you learned today that surprised you?

19. Do Now
Copy the HW:
Holocaust study guide due next Thursday
Holocaust test next Friday
I am passing out “The Book Thief” permission slips.
Take out the notes (packet) that I gave out yesterday.

20. Jewish Partisans
Some Jews who managed to escape from ghettos and camps formed their own fighting units.
These fighters, or partisans, were concentrated in densely wooded areas.
A large group of partisans in occupied Soviet territory hid in a forest near the Lithuanian capital of Vilna.
They were able to derail hundreds of trains and kill over 3,000 German soldiers

21. Survival in the Forest: Documentary
Teenagers Jonathan and Izzy spent the summer of 2013 in Ukraine looking for traces of their grandfather, a Jewish resistance fighter during the Holocaust who helped save over 400 Jews.
The brothers travel through small villages and the dense forests, meeting locals, and wresting with their responsibility to prevent genocide from happening again.

22. Questions 1. What were Jewish partisans?
2. What has happened to the population in the town since the war started?
3. Why were people afraid to say anything when the Germans took the Jews from the town to the ghetto?
4. How did the older brother react to his visit to Auschwitz?
5. How did Jonathan’s grandfather help the Jews in the ghetto?
6. What is the message of the partisan song?
7. How has the Holocaust affected the older brother? What does he believe?
8. Whose responsibility, does he believe, it is to stop genocide?
9. What do you think the memorial built by the Yad Vashem in Israel represents?

23. Final Reflection
How does the story of the Jewish partisans impact your view of the Holocaust?
Do you think it is important for people to understand what the partisans did? Why or why not?

24. Do Now
Copy the HW:
Holocaust study guide due next Thursday
Holocaust test next Friday
Take out the activity from yesterday and read the last paragraph we missed.
In your DO NOW section, respond:
How did Jews in the ghettos fight back?

25. Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
The most famous ghetto revolt was the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising in 1943.
Just as the Nazis were about to begin a second round of deportation from the ghetto to the concentration camps, over 750 young Jewish fighters fought the Nazis (over 2,000 of them) for 27 days.
The Nazis eventually decided to burn down the ghetto house by house.
Many fighters escaped, but many did not.

26. In several concentration camps many Jewish prisoners attempted to revolt against the Nazis.
All of these uprisings were brutally put down, and only a small number of prisoners managed to escape.

27. Rescuers
During the Holocaust, 6 million Jews were murdered, among them 1.5 million children.
It is unknown how many people managed to survive during this time, but we know that there were few.
Altruism means directly helping someone that involves an enormous risk with no reward.
Many people during the Holocaust tried to help rescue those who had been marked for death by the Nazis.
It is estimated that tens of thousands of Jews in Nazi territory were rescued during the Holocaust.

28. Some performed acts of heroism based upon:
These people risked their lives, as well as the freedom and the lives of their families, to save Jews from persecution.
Some performed acts of heroism based upon:
religious beliefs
spur of the moment, offering to help someone they had never seen before as soon they realized the person needed help
Those caught by the Nazis were sent to prisons, concentration camps, or immediately executed.

29. “What I have done is what I should have done.”
The rescuers came from all backgrounds: they were rich and poor, peasants and scholars, strict Christians and atheists, etc.
When asked, almost all of them responded that they did not think of themselves as heroes.
“What I have done is what I should have done.”
Forms of rescue were different throughout Europe:
providing escape routes through forests, mountains, or across seas
giving Jews false identification and money to try to travel to safer parts of Europe
giving Jews safe hiding places in Nazi Germany or sending them away

31. Reaction to Rescuers Part 1
With your group, discuss and respond to the questions below. 
1. What are some possible reasons why people were altruistic during the Holocaust?
2. Why do you think most people remained bystanders to what was going on around them?

32. Reaction to Rescuers Part 1
1. What are some possible reasons why people were altruistic during the Holocaust?
Their religion taught them to help others, they thought what the Nazis were doing was wrong, they were friends with those targeted
2. Why do you think most people remained bystanders to what was going on around them?
Scared of being arrested/killed, becoming a target, losing their family, etc.

33. “Righteous Among the Nations.”
Examine the poster I have given your group.
What is your key term?
How did a rescuer on your poster demonstrate that key word?