1. Gender Responsive Treatment
MODULE 1

2. WHAT CAUSES ADDICTION? WHAT CAUSES ADDICTION?
Addiction is a combination of factors that may operate cooperatively or in tandem.
Genetic/Family of Origin Factors
Evidence of an inherited genetic predisposition
Tolerance and Pharmacological Factors
Including legal and illegal substances
Social/Peer Factors
Use most often begins and is sustained in a social context
Self-medication of an untreated mental disorder

3. SUBSTANCE USE, ABUSE AND DEPENDENCY
Psychoactive = active in the brain
Why is it that many may try psychoactive drugs and not become addicted?
USE - to - ABUSE - to - DEPENDENCY
Tolerance can occur at a physical or psychological level (or both).
Physical Dependence = Detoxification
Psychological Dependence = Counseling

4. DRUGS OF ABUSE Narcotics are primarily used a pain killers.
Depressants are primarily used sedative or hypnotic effects (includes alcohol).
Stimulants: ADD, Weight Loss, Narcolepsy, “stay awake” aid.
Hallucinogens provide no medical usefulness. (Includes cannabis with some medical applications of THC synthesis).

5. A BRIEF HISTORY OF WOMEN AND TREATMENT
Until the 1970s--women substance abusers were considered deviant and more sick than male counterparts.
1978--Public Law mandates specialized treatment programs for women.
After 1990, women’s drinking habits and rates of alcohol and drug abuse began moving toward men’s. Difference is now minimal.
CSAT TIP 51(2013)- Consolidated specific guidelines for Women Specifi Treatment Issues

6. TRADITIONAL TREATMENT DESIGNED PRIMARILY FOR MEN CAN:
Avoid guilt and shame issues
Avoid loss, trauma, and domestic violence issues
Avoid sexuality and psychiatric issues
Confront rather than nurture
Require separation from children and partners
Overlook women’s health needs
Discourage use of medications

7. WHY WOMEN’S TREATMENT
Research suggests that programs that provide coordinated, comprehensive, and family centered care are better at:
attracting substance-abusing women into treatment
providing more effective treatment