1. Social Studies Chapter 12 Study Guide
Test on Thursday, May 22

2. Vocabulary
civil rights – the fair and equal treatment promised by law to citizens of a democratic nation

3. minority – a small group of people with similar characteristics within a large population

4. protest – to publicly complain or disapprove of something

5. labor union – a group of workers who join together to protect their interests

6. strike – a stopping of work by laborers in order to receive better pay or working conditions

7. boycott – to refuse to buy or use a product or service as an act of protest

8. refugee – a person who leaves one region in order to find safety or freedom in another region

9. custom – a habit, practice, or tradition of the people from one country or culture

10. import – a product that is bought from another country

11. export – a product that is sent to another country to be sold

12. Important People
“Indians of All Tribes” – These Indians took over Alcatraz for two years. They were angry at the government for trying to take away their land and make them move to the cities.
Odis Jackson – Jackson wanted to buy a home in the suburbs. The owner of the house would not sell to him because he was black.

13. Rosa Parks – She refused to give her seat on the bus to a white man and was arrested.
Yvonne Braithwaite Burke – She was the first black woman elected to the United States Congress from California.

14. Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr
Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. – He was one of the leaders in the national civil rights movement.
Cesar Chavez – He organized migrant laborers into a labor union.

15. Migrant Laborers
The life of a migrant farm laborer was very difficult. Many were poor. They had to move often to look for work. Children often did not receive a good education because of the frequent moves. They did not receive much pay and the growers often charged high rents and high prices for food.

16. Cesar Chavez convinced enough workers to join him in forming a labor union. In 1965, the union asked the grape pickers to strike. They refused to pick grapes until the growers gave them better pay and better working conditions.

17. New Immigrants
In 1965, the United States government passed a law that sent a new message to many people around the world. That message was “Welcome.” This law made it possible for more immigrants from China, Japan, and Mexico to come to the United States.
The law also welcomed immigrants from Southeast Asia. The Hmong, Cambodians, and Thai were some of these immigrants.

18. A Growing California
Computers brought a boom to California industry. The silicon chip, the “brain” of the computer, was developed in California.
The Santa Clara Valley, which was once known as the “Valley of Heavenly Delights” because of the fruit trees that once grew there, was the birthplace of many new computers.

19. Computer technology has helped another big California industry, movie-making. They were interested in using computers to make special effects.
Computers and Hollywood movies are two of California’s leading exports. Other exports include oil, blue jeans, agricultural products, and airplanes.

20. California also buys imports from other countries
California also buys imports from other countries. These include cars, cameras, and silk fabrics.