1. Chapter 13 Section 3 A Global Conflict
Objective: Explain the spread of the conflict, the Allies’ push to victory, & the effects of the war
Vocabulary: Unrestricted submarine warfare, Total War, Rationing, Propaganda, & Armistice
New: Should the United States join WWI? Explain.
Review: List the countries apart of the Central Powers.
List the countries apart of the Allies.
Where was the Western Front?
Where was the Eastern Front?

2. Setting the Stage World War I was much more than a European conflict
Japan & Australia entered the war on the Allies side
The Ottoman Empire allied themselves with the Central Power
The Great Powers all looked for other allies around the world to tip the balance in their favor
Why would the Central Powers & Allies want more allies

3. Check for Understanding
How would having more alliances push the balance of power in your favor?
Sentence starter: Having more allies in WWI would push the balance of power in their favor because ____________________________.

4. War Affects the World
The Allies came up with a strategy to attack the Dardanelles in the Ottoman Empire
The Gallipoli Campaign is when the Allies sought to take over Constantinople & establish a supply line to Russia
The Germans & Turks vigorously defended the region
Gallipoli turned into another bloody stalemate & both sides dug trenches
The Allies gave up the campaign & began to evacuate
Russia was lacking in supplies
250,000 men died for the Allies
Constantinople was the capital of the Ottoman Empire
Why did Russia need supplies?

5. Battles in Africa & Asia
Japanese overran German outposts in China & Pacific island colonies
English & French troops attacked Germany’s four African possessions, seizing control of 3
British & French recruited subjects in their colonies to fight in the struggle
Gandhi supported India’s participation in World War I, hoping this would lead to their independence

6. America Joins the Fight
In January 1917, the Germans announced they would sink any ship around Britain without warning
Unrestricted submarine warfare – use of submarines to sink without warning any ship found in enemy’s waters
Germany had already tried this policy in 1915 by sinking the passenger ship the Lusitania (killing 1198, 128 were US citizens)
The Germans claimed it was carrying ammunition which turned out to be true
Despite warning from President Wilson, the Germans sank 3 American ships
In your opinion is this a justified policy?

7. Check for Understanding
Is the policy of Unrestricted Submarine Warfare acceptable during war?
Sentence starter: The policy of Unrestricted Submarine Warfare is acceptable during war/is not acceptable during war because __________.

8. America Joins the Fight
February 1917, U.S. Officials intercepted a telegram from Arthur Zimmermann
The Zimmermann note stated that Germany would help Mexico “re-conquer” the land it had lost to the United States if they would ally itself with Germany
America’s economic ties with the Allies were stronger than those with the Central Powers
April 2, 1917 – President Wilson asked Congress to declare war on Germany, entering the war on the side of the Allies

10. Chapter 13 Section 3 A Global Conflict
Objective: Analyze the use of propaganda in mobilizing civilians in support of “total war”
Vocabulary: Unrestricted submarine warfare, Total War, Rationing, Propaganda, & Armistice
New: How do you think the government would encourage people to join the army or have citizens support the war? (Provide details to your examples.)
Review: What was the Gallipoli Campaign?
What 2 things brought the United States into WWI?

11. War Affects the Home Front
Europe had lost more men in battle than in all the wars of the previous 3 centuries
The war had claimed the lives of millions & changed countless lives forever
The Great War affected not only soldiers but civilians as well
Total War – a conflict in which the participating countries devote all their resources to the war effort

12. Governments Wage Total War
Government took control of the economy, telling factories what to produce & how much
Every able-bodied civilian was put to work
Unemployment in many European countries disappeared
Rationing – limiting amount of goods people can buy, imposed by government during wartime
Leaders believed that “real” reporting of the war would turn people against it, the government often censored the news
Propaganda – material spread to advance a cause or damage an opponent’s cause
Rationing cards were given to cover a wide range of goods, from butter to shoe leather
What would be a products they would need during war?
Propaganda is one sided information designed to persuade

13. Check for Understanding
Why would countries use propaganda during the war?
Sentence starter: Countries would use propaganda during the war because __________________.

14. Women & the War
Women began to replace men in factories, offices, & shops
Women built tanks, paved streets, & ran hospitals
Women also kept troops supplied with food, clothing, & weapons
Although they only worked during the war, it changed the mindset of what women were capable of doing
Why would women replace men?

15. Check for Understanding
Why would woman replace men in factories, offices, & shops during the war?
Sentence starter: Woman replaced men in factories, offices, & shops during the war because __________________________________.

16. The Allies Win the War
In March 1917, civil unrest in Russia, forced Czar Nicholas II to step down
War-weary Russia refused to fight any longer after 5.5 million soldiers were either wounded, killed, or taken prisoner
In November 1917, Communist leader Vladimir Lenin seized power implementing a communist government
Germany & Russia signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk in March 1918, ending the war between them
Why was Russia losing so many people?

17. The Central Powers Collapse
In March 1918, Germany launched an all out final attack on the Western Front
Victory was within reach for Germany
However, 140,000 fresh U.S. troops launched a counterattack to save Paris
With the arrival of 2 million American troops, the Allied forces began to advance toward Germany
November 9, 1918, Kaiser Wilhelm II stepped down & Germany became a republic
Armistice – an agreement to stop fighting was signed
November 11, 1918, World War I came to an end

18. The Legacy of the War
The war left behind death & destruction on a grand & global scale
8.5 million soldiers died as a result of the War
21 million were wounded
It also led to the death of countless civilians
The Great War devastated the economies of most European countries
The total cost of the war was closer to 338 billion
It also left a deep mark on Western society