1. Today:
Nutrition and Digestion
Wed. Grizzly Bears

2. During digestion complex molecules are broken down and then used to build needed molecules and to produce energy

3. Food Pyramid based on 2,000 calories/day

4. Federal Food Subsidies vs Food Pyramid

5. Protein needed per day = 0.8g/kg of body weight
So a 150 lb person needs 54 g or 2 oz of protein/day

6. 20 amino acids

7. 8 Essential Amino Acids

8. Many cultures combine these foods in their traditional diets: beans and rice, beans and corn, peanut butter on bread, soy and rice, lentils and bread or rice

9. The Calorie Restriction Society
for people trying to live longer by eating fewer calories

10. Regulation of Drosophila Life Span by Olfaction and Food-Derived Odors
S Libert, J Zwiener, X Chu, W VanVoorhies, G Roman, S Pletcher Science Vol. 315: February 2007

11. Smelling food reduces life span in CR flies
Calorie Restricted Flies
Normal Diet Flies
Fig 1

12. Calorie Restriction related websites:

13. Cause-Specific Excess Deaths Associated
with Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity
Flegal KM et al
JAMA, November 7, 2007—Vol 298, No. 17 pg
Overweight (BMI 25-30) people live longer than normal (BMI ), underweight (BMI<18.5), or obese (BMI>30) people
JAMA, November 7, 2007—Vol 298, No. 17 pg

14. Fig 43.5
The Digestive System

16. Complex molecules are broken down and then used to build needed molecules and to produce energy

17. Animals take in complex molecules from the environment for energy production

18. Animal digestion occurs outside of our cells.

19. animal and fungal digestion occurs outside of our cells.

20. breaking large molecules into small molecules
Fig 43.6
Physical digestion:
liquefying of food
Chemical digestion:
breaking large molecules
into small molecules

21. Chewing and adding saliva begins the process of liquification
Fig 43.6
Chewing and adding saliva begins the process of liquification
Amylase
in mouth
Amylase begins the chemical digestion of carbs

22. The primary function of the stomach is food storage
Fig 43.8
The primary function of the stomach is food storage

23. In the stomach liquification continues.
Fig 43.8
Pepsin
in stomach
Pepsin begins the chemical digestion of proteins.

24. Fig 43.5
The Digestive System

25. Fig 43.6
Most chemical digestion occurs in the first part of the small intestine

26. Fig 43.11
The small intestine has a large surface area to aid in absorbption of nutrients

27. Fig 43.11
Absorption
in the
Small
Intestine

28. Fats and lipids move through the lymphatic system, which
Fig 43.6
Fats and lipids move through the lymphatic system, which
returns fluid to blood
directly before
heart
small
intestine
Lymph
vessel

29. Fig 43.5
The Digestive System

30. Fig 43.6

31. Tonight, “Plastic Garbage Island” 7pm in Welch 1.308
Today:
Nutrition and Digestion
Wed. Grizzly Bears
Tonight, “Plastic Garbage Island”
7pm in Welch 1.308