1. Study Guide: Cell Cycle, DNA Replication, and Mitosis

2. List the phases of the cell cycle in order
List the phases of the cell cycle in order. Draw a picture that represents the cell cycle.
G1, S, G2, M

3. List the phases of mitosis in order. Draw each phase of mitosis.
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
List the phases of mitosis in order. Draw each phase of mitosis.

4. Explain what happens in prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.
Prophase- centrioles move to poles; spindle forms; nucleus breaks down; chromosomes become visible
Metaphase- chromosomes line up at the equatorial plate
Anaphase - centromeres split and chromatids separate; they move along spindle to opposite poles
Telophase - two identical groups of chromosomes gather at opposite poles of the cell ; spindle breaks down; chromosomes spread out into chromatin; new nuclear membranes forms

5. Define mitosis.
process of division of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells

6. What happens in each of the phases of the cell cycle?
G1 - cell growth
S - DNA is duplicated
G2 - preparation for mitosis
M - mitosis and cytokinesis

7. What is a centromere? Centriole? Draw and label a picture of each.
Centromere—connects sister chromatids in a duplicated chromosome
Centriole—radiates the spindle

8. Which phases of the cell cycle occur during interphase?
G1, S, G2

9. Cells formed during mitosis are called __________________.
DAUGHTER CELLS

10. During which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes first appear?
PROPHASE

11. During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell?
METAPHASE

12. How do plant cells perform cytokinesis?
FORM A new CELL WALL

13. How do animal cells perform cytokinesis?
THE CELL MEMBRANE PINCHES IN

14. Why do cells undergo cell division?
GROWTH, REPAIR, & REPLACEMENT

15. What is the role of the spindle during mitosis?
PULLS CHROMOSOMES TO OPPOSITE SIDES OF THE CELL

16. What happens after mitosis is complete?
THE CELLS ENTER INTO INTERPHASE AND THE PROCESS STARTS AGAIN

17. What is a duplicated chromosome made up of?
2 SISTER CHROMATIDS

18. After the process of mitosis occurs, each daughter cell receives an exact copy of the parent cell DNA.

19. If the sequence of bases on one strand of a DNA molecule is ATTGCCCATG, then what will be the sequence on the complementary DNA strand? TAACGGGTAC

20. In a portion of a gene, the base sequence is T-C-G-A-A-T
In a portion of a gene, the base sequence is T-C-G-A-A-T. Which complementary base sequence would be found bonded to this section of the gene? A-G-C-T-T-A

21. What role do DNA helicases have in DNA replication
What role do DNA helicases have in DNA replication? Unzip the DNA molecule.

22. DNA replication results in 2 DNA molecules
DNA replication results in 2 DNA molecules. How many strands of each are new and how many of each are original? One old & one new strand

23. During the process shown above, the 2 strands of 1 DNA molecule are unwound. Then, DNA polymerases add complementary nucleotides to each strand which results in the formation of 2 identical DNA molecules. What is this process known as? DNA REPLICATION

24. Using the following, determine the complementary strand: DNA TACCATTCCGATACCAAGACC Comp DNA: ATGGTAAGGCTATGGTTCTGG