1. Basic Sentences

2. = Complete Sentence Independent Clause
With the exception of commands, there must always be a subject and a verb. Often there is a complement (additional information).
I ate.
My friend bought a new car.
My older brother, Scott, is a heavy duty mechanic in a mine.
Last week on Monday, the teacher could not finish his presentation.
Do you have an extra pen?

3. Sentence Types Simple Compound Complex Subject + verb (+complement)
My sister ate (a hamburger).
Subject + verb, and subject + verb
My sister ate a hamburger, and she watched TV.
Subject + verb because subject + verb
My sister ate a hamburger because she was hungry.

4. Sentence Types Simple Sentence (One Independent Clause)
has no clauses joined by conjunctions
e.g. We have too much homework this week.
may have more than one subject
e.g. My older brother and I went to a movie yesterday.
e.g. Mohammed, Iqbal, and Rashid missed their final exam.
may have more than one verb
e.g. I finished my homework, watched TV, and talked to my friend on the phone.

5. or for and yet but so nor Compound Sentence (Two Independent Clauses)
has two independent clauses joined with a coordinating conjunction or
for
and
yet
but so
nor
e.g. I passed the TOEFL exam, and I took the placement test.
e.g. You can enter the civil engineering department, or you can enter the
design department.

6. Complex Sentence (An Independent Clause and a Dependent Clause)
Has an independent clause and a dependent clause joined with a subordinating conjunction.
Examples of subordinating conjunctions
TIME
CAUSE & EFFECT
OPPOSITION
CONDITION
after
before
when
while as
since
until
as soon as
once
as/so long as
whenever
because
so (that)
in order that
even though
although
though
whereas if
unless
only if
whether or not
even if
in case

7. (An Independent Clause and a Dependent Clause)
Complex Sentence
(An Independent Clause and a Dependent Clause)
e.g. You can start your major studies now since you passed the
TOEFL.
e.g. Because my father has a construction company, I want to be
an engineer.
e.g. Everyone breathed a sigh of relief after Barak Obama was
elected president.

8. The End