1. easYgen-3000XT Series Training
Sequencing

2. Introduction
Multiple easYgen-3000s may be configured to sequence generators on- and offline in order to supply the power required while operating the power plant with a high degree of efficiency. This sequencing is performed automatically through a Load Dependent Start/Stop (LDSS) calculation in the easYgen software according to the thresholds configured by the user.
This LDSS calculation may be utilized in utility parallel operation as well as for isolated operations.

3. Introduction Isolated and mains parallel operations
Different size of engine ratings possible
Reserve power or generator load calculation
Multiple choice for start/stop priority selection
Emergency mode start with “start all” or “sequencing”

4. Connection between the units via CAN 1 or Ethernet A
Getting started
Connection between the units via CAN 1 or Ethernet A
Connection between the units via CAN 1 or Ethernet A
CAN 1
Ethernet A

5. Activate the sequencing
Getting started
Activate the sequencing

6. Activate the sequencing
Getting started
Activate the sequencing
Only generators on the same bus segment can be sequenced
Load
busbar 1
busbar 2
Load

7. Getting started Status screen
- Operation mode and breaker feedback status
- Add on/off condition
- Measured values

8. Getting started
Status screen

9. Multiple start/stop priority selection
Assigned generator priority
Efficiency, fit size of engine
Based on maintenance hours
Change of engines according to run time
Assigned generator number (device number) 1 2 3 4 5

10. Start/Stop Priority 1 1. Base or alternative priority sequencing
Lowest number has the highest priority
Generator assigned priority
Base priority
Three alternate priorities (LogicsManager)

11. Start/Stop Priority 2 2. Fit size of engine sequencing
For use with multiple engine sizes
Calculation for optimal efficiency
Start/Stop of multiple engines is possible
Works only if the general priority is equal
Base priority or LogicsManager

12. Start/Stop Priority 3 3. Fit service hours sequencing
Equal – maintenance at the same time
 Start unit with the highest service hours remaining
 Stop unit with the lowest service hours remaining
Staggered – different maintenance time
 Start unit with the lowest service hours remaining
 Stop unit with the highest service hours remaining
Period of use hours- Engines are started/stopped based on operation hours
 Maintenance counter has no influence
Works only if the general priority (base or LogicsManager) is equal

13. Start/Stop Priority 4 4. Change of engines  Fit service hours = equal
The easYgen-3000 divides the time remaining on the maintenance hours counter by the service hours group (32/64/128h) to determine the individual unit’s time group.
Example:
unit 1: 254 h  254 / 64 = 3.96  Time group 3
unit 2: 325 h  325 / 64 = 5.07  Time group 5
unit 3: 284 h  284/ 64 = 4.44  Time group 4
The unit 2 is the next unit to start
higher calculated time group

14. Start/Stop Priority 5 2. Generator number
Lowest device number -> highest priority

15. Start/Stop Priority Dead bus start mode (loss of mains condition) All
All available engines will start and supply the load
If the minimum running time is expired the LDSS sequencing calculates how many engines will be required to supply power to the load and sequences generators offline.
LDSS
Only one generator is started and closed to the busbar. The LDSS sequencing calculates if additional units are required and additional generators are sequenced online accordingly. Load sequencing schemes are typically used with this type of dead bus starting to prevent overloading the generator.

16. Start/Stop – Sort Priority
“LDSS sort priority always”
No: The sorting depending on operation time groups, priority and device number is executed only,
if the load situation causes a new engine constellation.
Yes: The sorting depending on operation time groups, priority and device number is executed always.
Note: The LDSS sort priority always – feature
is only available for the “Reserve power” mode!
Note: If the LDSS sort priority always – feature is disabled,
the LDSS remains compatible to the first
generation easYgen3000

17. Calculation System reserve power
Generators are sequenced on and off by means of maintaining a spinning reserve for the plant. This reserve power threshold is utilized to calculate when additional generators are required to be started or shutdown.
Utilized for system requiring high degree of reliability
Switchable reserve power (2 reserve power settings in mains parallel mode and 2 settings in isolated operation mode
Ensures that reserve is always available
Reserve power must match the largest load step
Most efficient when more generators are online
Additionally the device provides a LogicsManager command variable, if the current Reserve power request is matched.
This gives the operator the feedback to proceed with his process after requesting more reserve power.

18. System reserve power – Mains parallel
Calculation
System reserve power – Mains parallel
Load
P rated = 200 kW
70 kW
50 kW
20 kW
Power setpoint Import 50 kW Minimum power 20 kW Reserve power 30 kW Hysteresis 10 kW
Start of the first engine
Actual mains power > power setpoint + generator min. load
Actual mains power > kW + 20 kW = 70 kW

19. System reserve power – Mains parallel
Calculation
System reserve power – Mains parallel
Load
P rated = 200 kW
220 kW
170 kW
50 kW
30 kW
Power setpoint Import 50 kW Minimum power 20 kW Reserve power 30 kW Hysteresis 10 kW
Start of the second engine
Actual total generator power > Total rated power – reserve power
Actual total generator power > kW - 30 kW = 170 kW

20. System reserve power – Mains parallel
Calculation
System reserve power – Mains parallel
Load
P rated = 200 kW
420 kW
185 kW
50 kW
15 kW
Power setpoint Import 50 kW Minimum power 20 kW Reserve power 30 kW Hysteresis 10 kW
Start of the third engine
Actual total generator power > Total rated power – reserve power
Actual total generator power > (200 kW kW) kW = 370 kW

21. Calculation
220 kW kW kW
Second engine starts third engine starts three unit without reserve
Mains power
Generator power
Reserve power

22. System reserve power – Mains parallel
Calculation
System reserve power – Mains parallel
Load
P rated = 200 kW
410 kW
120 kW
50 kW
15 kW 5 kW
Power setpoint Import 50 kW Minimum power 20 kW Reserve power 30 kW Hysteresis 10 kW
Stop of the third engine
Actual total generator power < Total rated power (n-1) – reserve power - hysteresis
Actual total generator power < (200 kW kW) kW – 10 kW = 360 kW

23. System reserve power – Mains parallel
Calculation
System reserve power – Mains parallel
Load
P rated = 200 kW
210 kW
80 kW
50 kW
30 kW 10 kW
Power setpoint Import 50 kW Minimum power 20 kW Reserve power 30 kW Hysteresis 10 kW
Stop of the second engine
Actual total generator power < Total rated power (n-1) – reserve power - hysteresis
Actual total generator power < kW kW – 10 kW = 160 kW

24. System reserve power – Mains parallel
Calculation
System reserve power – Mains parallel
Load
P rated = 200 kW
60 kW
50 kW
10 kW
Power setpoint Import 50 kW Minimum power 20 kW Reserve power 30 kW Hysteresis 10 kW
Stop of the last engine
Actual total generator power < Minimum power - hysteresis
Actual total generator power < kW – 10 kW = 10 kW

25. Calculation

26. Calculation System reserve power – isolated operation Start condition
First unit immediately
The following unit uses the same formula like mains parallel
Actual total generator power > total rated power – reserve power
Stop condition
The same formula like mains parallel
Actual total generator power < total rated power (n-1) – reserve power - hysteresis
Last unit keeps running

27. Calculation Generator load capacity
Generators are sequenced on and off by means of monitoring the individual generator load. This permits the generator to be loaded to a designated maximum limit before the next generator is started. The dynamic parameter prevents the engine from an overload and permits the plant operating characteristics to be customized for three levels of efficiency.
Simplified generator sequencing
Most efficient when few generators are online

28. Generator load – Mains parallel
Calculation
Generator load – Mains parallel
Load
P rated = 200 kW
70 kW
50 kW
20 kW
Power setpoint Import 50 kW Minimum power 20 kW Max. load 80% Min. load 40%
Start of the first engine
Actual mains power > power setpoint + generator min. load
Actual mains power > kW + 20 kW = 70 kW

29. Generator load – Mains parallel
Calculation
Generator load – Mains parallel
Load
P rated = 200 kW
210 kW
160 kW
50 kW
40 kW
Power setpoint Import 50 kW Minimum power 20 kW Max. load 80% Min. load 40%
Start of the second engine
Actual generator power > max. load
Actual generator power > kW * (0.8) = 160 kW

30. Generator load – Mains parallel
Calculation
Generator load – Mains parallel
Load
P rated = 200 kW
370 kW
160 kW
50 kW
40 kW
Power setpoint Import 50 kW Minimum power 20 kW Max. load 80% Min. load 40%
Start of the third engine
Actual generator power > max. load
Actual generator power > (200 kW kW) * (0.8) = 320 kW

31. Calculation
210 kW kW kW
Second engine starts third engine starts three unit at max. load
Mains power
Generator power
Reserve power

32. Generator load – Mains parallel
Calculation
Generator load – Mains parallel
Load
P rated = 200 kW
290 kW
80 kW
50 kW
120 kW
Power setpoint Import 50 kW Minimum power 20 kW Max. load 80% Min. load 40%
Stop of the third engine
Actual generator power < min. load
Actual generator power < (200 kW * 3 ) * (0.4) = 240 kW

33. Generator load – Mains parallel
Calculation
Generator load – Mains parallel
Load
P rated = 200 kW
210 kW
80 kW
50 kW
120 kW
Power setpoint Import 50 kW Minimum power 20 kW Max. load 80% Min. load 40% !!!
Stop of the second engine
Actual generator power < min. load
Actual generator power < (200 kW * 2 ) * (0.4) = 160 kW !!!

34. Generator load – Mains parallel
Calculation
Generator load – Mains parallel
Load
P rated = 200 kW
210 kW
50 kW
160 kW
Power setpoint Import 50 kW Minimum power 20 kW Max. load 80% Min. load 40%
Second engine has the same start/stop point !

35. Calculation Generator load capacity
Calculating dynamic power for remaining generator
Dynamic characteristic= [(max power % – min power %) * dynamic] + (min power %)
Dynamic power level = (dynamic characteristic) * (generator rated power)
Constants:
Low dynamic = 25%
Moderate dynamic = 50%
High dynamic = 75%
Example for Moderate:
Dynamic characteristic=[(80% – 40%) * 50%] + (40%) = 60%
Dynamic power level = (60%) * (200 kW) = 120 kW

36. Generator load – Mains parallel
Calculation
Generator load – Mains parallel
Load
P rated = 200 kW
190 kW
60 kW
50 kW
140 kW
Power setpoint Import 50 kW Minimum power 20 kW Max. load 80% Min. load 40%
Stop of the second engine
Maximum generator power after stop second engine < rated power * Dynamic
Maximum generator power after stop second engine < 200 kW * 60% = 120 kW

37. Generator load – Mains parallel
Calculation
Generator load – Mains parallel
Load
P rated = 200 kW
60 kW
50 kW
10 kW
Power setpoint Import 50 kW Minimum power 20 kW
Hysteresis 10 kW
Stop of the last engine
Actual generator power < Minimum power - hysteresis
Actual generator power < kW – 10 kW = 10 kW

38. Calculation
290 kW kW kW
Third engine stops second engine stops last engine stops
Mains power
Generator power
Reserve power

39. Calculation Generator load– isolated operation Start condition
First unit immediately
The following unit uses the same formula like mains parallel
Actual total generator power > max. load
Stop condition
The same formula like mains parallel
Actual total generator power < min. load and dynamic
Last unit keeps running

40. Exercise: Reserve Power
Configure the load dependent start/stop for a mains parallel application with two peak shaving generators with reserve power sequencing (rated power 100 kW).
Reserve power calculations:
Mains interchange power set point Import 50 kW
Start first generator at 80 kW Import power
Second generator starts if first is above 70 kW
Stop the second generator when both generators are at 25 kW
What is the shutdown point for the last generator?

41. Exercise: Solution
Configure the load dependent start/stop for a mains parallel application with two peak shaving generators with reserve power sequencing (rated power 100 kW).
Mains interchange power set point Import 50 kW
Parameter
 Configuration
 Configure application
 Configure controller
 Configure load control
 Load setpoints
 Load set point 1 source  (5539) Internal pwr. setp.1
 Load set point 1 or  (5526) Import
 Int. load control set point 1 or 2  (5520) 50 kW

42. Exercise: Solution
Configure the load dependent start/stop for a mains parallel application with two peak shaving generators with reserve power sequencing (rated power 100 kW).
Start generator at 80 kW Import power
Parameter
 Configuration
 Configure application
 Configure automatic run
 Load dependent start/stop
 Mains parallel operation
Load set point 1 + MOP min load = Import power level
50 kW + MOP min load = 80 kW
MOP Minimum load 30 kW

43. Exercise: Solution
Configure the load dependent start/stop for a mains parallel application with two peak shaving generators with reserve power sequencing (rated power 100 kW).
Second generator starts if first is above 70 kW
Parameter
 Configuration
 Configure application
 Configure automatic run
 Load dependent start/stop
 Mains parallel operation
 MOP Reserve power  30 kW
Generator rating - MOP Reserve power = next start
100 kW - MOP Reserve power = 70 kW

44. Exercise: Solution
Configure the load dependent start/stop for a mains parallel application with two peak shaving generators with reserve power sequencing (rated power 100 kW).
Stop the second generator when both generators are at 25 kW
Parameter
 Configuration
 Configure application
 Configure automatic run
 Load dependent start/stop
 Mains parallel operation
MOP Hysteresis  20 kW

45. Exercise: Solution
Configure the load dependent start/stop for a mains parallel application with two peak shaving generators with reserve power sequencing (rated power 100 kW).
What is the stopping point of the last engine ?
Generator load < (MOP minimum load) – (MOP Hysteresis)
Generator load < (30 kW minimum load) – (20 kW Hysteresis)
Last generator shuts down at 10 kW

46. Exercise: Generator Load
Configure the load dependent start/stop for an isolated plant with three generators with generator load sequencing (rated power 100 kW).
Generator load calculation :
Second generator starts if first is above 70 kW.
At what power level does the third generator start?
Configure the plant so that the third generator will shutdown when the plant load reaches 90 kW.
At what power level does the second generator shutdown when the dynamic is configured as Moderate (50%)?

47. Exercise: Solution
Configure the load dependent start/stop for an isolated plant with three generators with generator load sequencing (rated power 100 kW).
Second generator starts if first is above 70 kW.
Parameter
 Configuration
 Configure application
 Configure automatic run
 Load dependent start/stop
 Isolated operation
 IOP Max. generator load (5762)  70%

48. Exercise: Solution
Configure the load dependent start/stop for an isolated plant with three generators with generator load sequencing (rated power 100 kW).
At what power level does the third generator start?
Plant load > Generator rated power * # generators online * IOP max generator load (5762)
100 kW * 2 generators online * 0.7 = Next start
100 kW * 2 generators online * 0.7 = 140 kW

49. Exercise: Solution
Configure the load dependent start/stop for an isolated plant with three generators with generator load sequencing (rated power 100 kW).
Configure the plant so that the third generator will shutdown when the plant load reaches 90 kW.
Generator min. load = Plant min. load / # generators online
Generator min. load = 90 kW / 3 = 30 kW
Generator min. load / Generator rated power = IOP min generator load (5763)
30 kW / 100 kW = 0.3 or 30%

50. Exercise: Solution
Configure the load dependent start/stop for an isolated plant with three generators with generator load sequencing (rated power 100 kW).
At what power level does the second generator shutdown when the dynamic is configured as Moderate (50%)?
Generator min. load * # generators online = Plant load at shutdown request
30 kW * 2 = 60 kW
(continued)

51. Exercise: Solution
Configure the load dependent start/stop for an isolated plant with three generators with generator load sequencing (rated power 100 kW).
At what power level does the second generator shutdown when the dynamic is configured as Moderate (50%)? (continued)
(Gen max. load – Gen. min load) * (50%) = Dynamic characteristic
(70 kW – 30 kW) * (0.5) = 20 kW
Dynamic characteristic + Gen. min. load = generator dynamic (5757)
20 kW + 30 kW = 50 kW
A shutdown will be evaluated but will not be permitted until the load drops below 50 kW.