1. Do Now
What is the benefit of therapy? Explain.

2. Unit 13: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
The Psychological Therapies

3. Intro/Background History of treatment Psychotherapy Eclectic approach
Philippe Pinel
Medical Model
Dorothea Dix
US version of Pinel
Today there are 2 main therapies that a patient is usually classified into
psychotherapy
bio-medial therapy
Psychotherapy
Eclectic approach
Uses multiple types of therapy for treatment
EX: biopsychosocial approach

4. Psychoanalysis Psychoanalysis Aims of the therapy Freud's therapy
Therapist interprets patient’s repressed feelings, expressing these feelings allowed patient to move forward
Few clinicians use this
Aims of the therapy
Childhood impulses & conflicts
bring repressed impulses and conflicts into the patients conscious awareness
acknowledge the conflicts
confront them

5. Psychoanalysis - Methods
Free association
Resistance
Blocks to the these anxiety inducing feelings
Interpretation of the meaning
EX: not talking about it (unconsciously)
Dream analysis
Transference
The feelings the patient has towards parent/lover/abuser are transferred to therapist
EX: I hate my dad and thus I hate my therapist

6. Psychodynamic Therapy
Aims of psychodynamic therapy
try to understand patients current symptoms by focusing on themes across important relationships
Similarities with psychoanalysis
searches for reasons from past experiences
Differences with psychoanalysis
deals with current symptoms rather than the origins of unconscious conflicts

7. Humanistic Therapy Insight Therapy Insight therapies focus more on:
Improve psychological functioning by increasing patient’s awareness of underlying defenses and motives
EX: if you understand why you act they way you do you can then accept things and move forward
Insight therapies focus more on:
the present rather than the past
conscious rather than the unconscious
taking immediate responsibility
promoting growth instead of curing

8. Humanistic Therapy .. Continued
Client-centered therapy
Nondirective therapy
A therapist listens and doesn’t judge
Genuineness, acceptance, and empathy
Need these things to feel comfortable opening up
Active listening
Paraphrase
Invite clarification
Reflect feelings
Unconditional positive regard
with this people may accept even their worst traits and feel valued and whole
EX: okay you killed your sister, tell me more (rather than saying that killing is wrong)

9. Behavior Therapy
Behavior Therapy (used to get rid of unwanted behavior)
Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
What do you remember about these?

10. Behavior Therapy - Classical
Counterconditioning
Exposure therapies
Involves exposing someone to anxiety causing stimuli
EX: fear of rats to slowly move a rat closer and closer to the person
Systematic desensitization
Gradually increase the duration in which one is exposed to the stimuli
EX: keep rat around longer
Virtual reality exposure therapy
Exposure in the mind or virtual world
Aversive conditioning
Exposing an unwanted behavior with something unpleasant
EX: alcohol with nausea drug (see chart to the right)

11. Flip It Video - Counterconditioning
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12. Behavior Therapies - Operant
Behavior Modification
A basic concept of operant conditioning is that voluntary behaviors are strongly influenced by their consequences
reinforces desired behaviors
withholding reinforcement or enacting punishment for undesired behaviors
Token Economy
Can someone give me an example?

13. Cognitive Therapy Cognitive therapy Cognitive- behavioral therapy
Beck’s therapy for depression
started off using Freudian therapy and discovered reoccurring negative thoughts, he sought to reverse a client’s catastrophizing beliefs about themselves, their situations, and their futures
Catastrophizing beliefs
Everything is going to end badly
Cognitive- behavioral therapy
Brings thought process and action/behavior together

14. Group & Family Therapies
Group Therapy
therapists frequently suggest group therapy for people experiencing family conflicts or for those whose behavior is distressing to others
Family Therapy
Treats family as a system
Unwanted behavior is influenced by or directed at a family member
What are the advantages and disadvantages of family therapy?

15. Comparing Therapies
Combination therapies tend to be more effective than a single therapeutic approach. Why might this be?

16. Today Breathe… the lecture is over
HW= Continue The Psychological Therapies (pgs ) DUE TOMORROW